Can anyone please help me. It’s a pretty big one. (100 points) I don’t know if it’s chemistry or physics. I do know that it’s part of science.
Answers
In the expiration of the extended deadline in 1982, most activists and lawmakers conceded defeat to the ERA. However, in the four decades since Congress first proposed the ERA, courts and legislatures have realized a large portion of what the amendment was intended to achieve.
What are the world's oldest known rocks ?The major events in geologic time ranged from 4,500 million to 540 million years and included the formation of Earth and the discovery of the oldest rocks.
The formation of the majority of primitive fossils.
The production of oxygen in the early atmosphere.
The beginning of complex life.
4.36 billion years are the oldest zircon dates. Prior to this study, the oldest dated rocks were from the Acosta Gneiss in the Northwest.
The oldest zircons in the study, which came from Western Australia's Jack Hills, were around 4.3 billion years old.
The Cambrian explosion kicked off the Paleozoic Era. It came to an end with the Permian extinction. Invertebrates diversified in the oceans during the era.
Extinction events in the past have been caused by extreme temperature changes, rising or falling sea levels, and catastrophic, one-time events such as a massive volcano erupting or an asteroid striking Earth.
Cycads, glossopterids, primitive conifers, and ferns had spread across the landscape by the end of the Paleozoic. The Permian extinction occurred 251.4 million years ago.
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Related Questions
A macromolecule that exists with backbone where the functional groups are the amine and the carboxylic acid: ___
Answers
protein. An organic substance with a carboxyl functional group is known as a carboxylic acid. They are abundant in nature and are also synthesized by humans. Carboxylic acids deprotonate.
to generate a carboxylate anion with the general formula R-COO-, which can form a range of useful salts such as soaps. A carboxylic acid is an organic acid with a carboxyl group (C(=O)OH)[1] linked to an R-group in organic chemistry. A carboxylic acid has the generic formula RCOOH or RCO2H, where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other group. Carboxylic acids are found in abundance. Amino acids and fatty acids are two important examples. A carboxylate anion is formed when a carboxylic acid is deprotonated.protein. An organic substance with a carboxyl functional group is known as a carboxylic acid. They are abundant in nature and are also synthesized by humans. Carboxylic acids deprotonate.
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Can someone give me a grade for this essay:
Research and investigate the use of chlorine in water treatment, include both chemical and ethical aspects.
What I wrote:
How it works:
Chlorine serves as a method to further purify water, it can do this by killing the microorganisms that can cause disease (pathogens) that are still left after the sterilisation by breaking down the lipids that make up their cell walls and reacting with the enzymes and proteins inside, deeming them as unusable.
Why is chlorine a great chemical to use in water treatments?
The main sources of water are seas, rivers, and lakes. Living near one of these sources can help get water, but for countries in Sub-Saharan Africa even living near these sources will not help as the methods you have to then purify are not reliable or not safe enough. In countries which are in this economic state with poor water quality, the number of deaths and illnesses caused by badly disinfected drinking water means that the by-products (also known as carcinogens) caused when chlorine reacts with chemicals in the water or in the body become less of a priority. Due to the great amount of poverty in this region, chlorine is a great option due to its price and accessibility, the average price for a water well is around 8,000 USD (£ 6,455.76) , whereas the average price for a chlorination service comes in at around £300-1500 depending on the requirements and the size of the water system that needs to be chlorinated.
To conclude what was said, although chlorine does come with its limitations just like every other method, disinfection by chlorine is still the best guarantee of microbiologically safe water, especially in countries in this region.
Why chlorine is not the best chemical to use in water treatments?
Chlorine is a highly effective method of disinfection. However, when travelling in pipes, if the source of water has higher levels of germs, they could react with chlorine which could produce small amounts of toxic chemicals called DBP’s (by-products) .
Another reason why chlorine is not the best chemical to use in water treatments is because the conditions need to be very specific for chlorine to work optimally; the pH needs to be just right as well as the temperature of the water which needs to be 18 degrees Celsius of higher, decreasing the temperature would increase contact time, the process must therefore be adapted to take into account all of these factors which can be a lengthy process and extremely hard to achieve, putting people at risk in their own homes.
Other effects that it can have on humans is that it has been reported that asthma can be triggered by exposure to chlorinated water . Episodes of dermatitis have also been associated with exposure to chlorine and hypochlorite.
Methods that could be used instead are: UV radiation, Ozonation, Reverse Osmosis, Sodium Ferrate and many more. All of these have their advantages and disadvantages, but the one that seems most like chlorine and has possibly the least amount of toxic products left after being used is Sodium Ferrate, which is capable of decomposing many toxic chemicals into less toxic products and destroying microorganisms. This new reagent also doesn’t form toxic substances in the process of water purification and scientists believe that it can also neutralise chlorine in water. This process is believed to be useful in countries with developed sewage systems, as well as regions requiring local treatments for drinking and wastewater.
Conclusion
In Conclusion, to sum up all the points made, I think that Chlorine is a great way for developing and poor countries like Yemen and Kenya to use, as it can be easily accessed and isn’t too expensive compared to other methods of sterilising and purifying water for example; water wells or boreholes, but, in countries like America and other developed countries I think Chlorine is not a necessity but a want because countries like that can get easier access than other countries to UV radiation, Ozonation, Reverse Osmosis, and Sodium Ferrate due to having an economy which is a lot more stable and has the money to afford these, and of course all of these methods still come with their benefits, limitations and of which can also be more expensive, but on the other hand has they have the same if not better results to chlorine.
Answers
It is difficult to give a grade out of 100 without knowing the specific requirements and grading criteria for the essay. However, this essay presents a clear understanding of the topic of chlorine in water treatment, providing a well-rounded discussion on both the chemical and ethical aspects of using chlorine. The essay presents a clear introduction, body, and conclusion and uses specific examples to support the claims made. The writing is clear and easy to understand, and the essay is well-organized and flows well. However, it would be beneficial if the essay would have had a stronger thesis statement and a more detailed conclusion. Overall, this essay would likely receive a high grade.
assuming equal concentrations and complete dissociation, arrange these aqueous solutions by their freezing points.NaNO3 K2SO4 Li3PO4
Answers
The aqueous solutions by their freezing points are Li3PO4, K2SO4 ,
NaNO3.
What is concentration ?
The volume of solute that has been dissolved in a specific volume of solvent or solution is known as the concentration of a solution. A solution with a significant concentration of dissolved solute is one that is concentrated. When there is just a minimal amount of dissolved solute in a solution, it is said to be diluted.
What is aqueous solution ?
Solute (dissolved) ions and molecules are encircled by water molecules and absorbed into the web of bonds in the water, in other words.
Therefore, aqueous solutions by their freezing points are Li3PO4, K2SO4 ,
NaNO3.
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Which relationship is true of an uncharged atom? the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
Answers
The relationship that the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons is true for an uncharged atom of an element.
Electrons are negatively charged particles with a negligible mass. These negatively charged particles revolve around the nucleus in discrete orbits called shells.
Protons are positively charged particles which have a mass of approximately 1 amu (atomic mass unit). These positively charged particles are present in the center of the atom, inside the nucleus.
When an atom has an equal number of negative (the electrons) and positive (the protons) electric charges, it is called an uncharged atom. As a result of which, the atom's total electric charge is NIL (zero), and hence it is said to be neutral. For example, a carbon atom includes six protons and six electrons, so it's an uncharged carbon atom with an atomic number of 6.
Therefore, all the elements in the periodic table are atoms in their neutral form.
Thus examples of uncharged atoms would be all neutral atoms, such as Nitrogen atom, Oxygen atom, Hydrogen atom, Sulphur atom, Potassium atom, etc.
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should you add concentrated acid to water or add water to concentrated acid?
Answers
Answer:
Add acid to water, carefully.
Explanation:
"Do as ya aughta
Add acid to wata"
The heat released when water hits concentrated acid can result in the water vaporizing violently, caused the acid to splatter. This is less pronounced when adding acid to water.
oxides of active metals, such as cao, react with water to form?
Answers
Active metals, such as calcium oxide (CaO), react with water to form an oxide-water reaction.
This reaction produces an alkaline solution, which has a pH higher than 7. As a result, the water will become less acidic, and the oxide will be converted into its hydrated form.
This reaction is an important part of the water treatment process, since it helps to reduce the acidity of water and make it safer for drinking.
Additionally, the alkaline solution produced by the reaction can be used to neutralize acidic materials, making it useful for a variety of industrial and environmental applications.
Active metals such as calcium oxide (CaO) are capable of reacting with water to form oxides.
The reaction between the oxides and water can be used in a variety of different applications, such as to create materials with high strength and durability, or to generate power through the combustion of the oxides.
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Consider the reaction
2A + B C
-
(a) In the diagram here that represents the re-
action, which reactant, A or B, is the limiting reagent?
(b) Assuming complete reaction, draw a molecular-model representation of the amounts of reactants and products left after the reaction. The
atomic arrangement in C is ABA.
Answers
Answer:65
Explanation:
How many molecules are in 0. 25 moles of H2O?.
Answers
There are 1.505×10²³molecules in 0.25 moles of H2O.
No of moles= 0.25moles
No of molecules = ?
NA(avogadro constant) = 6.022×10²³molecules
No of molecules =no of moles×NA
= 0.25moles×6.022×10²³molecules
=1.505×10²³molecules
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rank these liquids by their expected surface tension. rank from greatest to least surface tension. to rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
Answers
The Greatest to low Surface Tens-ion is given as:
Hydrogen bonding > dipole dipole interactions > van der forces.
The surface tens-ion is the ratio of the surface for-ce F and the length L along which for-ce acts.
surface tens-ion, T = F / L
The more the surface force the greater the surface tens-ion. The surface tens-ion depend upon the force of attraction between the molecules. The surface tens-ion dose not depends upon the surface area. It is given as :
Hydrogen bonding > dipole dipole interactions > van der forces.
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What is the minimum internal temperature that the turkey must reach?
Answers
The minimum internal temperature that the turkey must reach is 165°F or 73.9°C as measured with a food thermometer.
A food thermometer is a thermometer specifically used to measure the temperature of food to make sure the food is cooked. There are various types of food thermometers that can be used to measure food temperature according to the type of food such as meat thermometers, skewer thermometers and oven thermometers.
The minimum internal temperature for a turkey that must be reached to ensure it is cooked is 165 °F or or 73.9 °C. Likewise, the stuffing that is put into the turkey must follow the temperature of the turkey to be removed from heating, which is at 165 °F. Because if it is removed before the temperature is 165°F, the turkey is not fully cooked and can cause the bacteria that are still able to survive so that those who consume the stuffing can be poisoned.
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we place 2kg textbook and a 4kg textbook at least 2cm away from each other. After a while we move the two textbooks so now they are 8cm away from eachother. Explain which textbook has a larger gravitaional pull and how do the different distances affect it?
Answers
Textbooks that have a greater gravitational pull are 4kg textbooks and the distance of objects that have a greater gravitational pull is 2cm.
Newton's law of gravity is Newton's conclusion that the gravitational attraction acting between two objects is proportional to the mass of each object and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two objects. So, a 4kg textbook will have a greater gravitational pull than a 2kg textbook.
The strength of the earth's gravitational force on objects is affected by the distance of the object from the center of the earth. The farther an object is from the center of the earth, the smaller its gravitational force.
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If an element is written in hyphen notation, such as
Phosphorous-32, what would the mass of one mole of
this element be?
Answers
The mass of one mole of phosphorus-32 is approximately 31.97 g/mol.
What is Phosphorus-32?The chemical element phosphorus has an isotope called phosphorus-32 (P).Its atomic nucleus contains 32 protons, giving it a unique atomic number.Due to its total of 32 nucleons, phosphorus-32 has a mass number of 32 (protons and neutrons).Because phosphorus-32 is a stable isotope, it does not decay radioactively.mole is frequently created in nuclear reactors, but it can also be acquired naturally.In industrial and environmental investigations, phosphorus-32 is frequently utilized as a tracer to monitor the motion and behavior of chemical molecules.Phosphorus-32 is used in medicine to treat cancer because it generates beta particles that can kill cancer cells.To learn more about phosphorus-32 from the given link:-
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Rearrange the work equation and show the equation for force.
Work equation: W=Fxd
Answers
The equation for force when derived from the equation for work is F = W / D
How to find the equation for force ?A force is an effect that can alter an object's motion according to physics. An object with mass can change its velocity, or accelerate, as a result of a force. An obvious way to describe force is as a push or a pull.
The work equation states that the work done (W) is equal to the force (F) applied to an object multiplied by the distance (d) over which the force is applied, and is given by the equation:
W = F x d
The equation for force can be obtained by rearranging the work equation to solve for F:
F = W / d
This equation shows that force is equal to the work done divided by the distance over which the force is applied. So, if the work done and the distance are known, the force can be calculated by using this equation.
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which electrolyte is a major cation in body fluid?a. Potassiumb. Chloridec. Phosphated. Bicarbonate
Answers
Potassium is a major cation in body fluid. It is a crucial electrolyte and mineral that is necessary for numerous bodily physiological processes.
What are the functions of potassium?
It performs several tasks, such as:
regulating fluid equilibriumsustaining normal nerve and muscle functionmaintaining cardiovascular healthlowering the risk of high blood pressure and strokeIn order to keep the body's acid-base balance in check, potassium is also crucial.It can be taken as a supplement in addition to being present in many foods, including dairy products, fruits, and vegetables.It aids in the proper operation of muscles and nerves, the regulation of fluid balance, and the maintenance of optimal blood pressure levels. In addition, potassium is necessary for the heart and kidneys to operate properly. A lack of potassium can cause a number of health problems, such as exhaustion, muscle weakness, and irregular heartbeats. Bananas, sweet potatoes, and avocados are some foods high in potassium that you should eat regularly to guarantee appropriate intake of this vital mineral.To learn more about potassium refer to:
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Body mass index, bmi, is calculated using the formula \mathrm{bmi}=\dfrac{703w}{h^2}, where w is weight in pounds and h is height in inches. Anita is 5 ft 5 in. Tall. How much does she need to weigh for her bmi to be 20? round to the nearest tenth.
Answers
Using body's BMI, Anita weighs 123.92 pounds.
What does a body's BMI mean?Body Mass Index, or BMI, is a rough indicator of an individual's weight status. The BMI is a reliable indicator of your risk for diseases that can develop as a result of having a higher body fat percentage. Your chance of developing certain conditions like heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, gallstones, respiratory issues, and some malignancies increases with your BMI.
Body mass index (BMI) is calculated using the formula [tex]\frac{w}{h^{2} } \times 703[/tex]
Anita is 5 ft 5 in.
Height of Anita in inches = 66 inches
In accordance with the query, we have -
Body mass index formula: [tex]\frac{w}{h^{2} } \times 703[/tex]
BMI = 20
BMI = [tex]\frac{w}{h^{2} } \times 703[/tex]
⇒ 20 = [tex]\frac{w}{66^{2} }[/tex]× 703
⇒ 123.92 pounds
Consequently, Anita weighs 123.92 pounds.
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What i the name of the exothermic proce in which a olvent interact with it olute?
precipitation
olvation
aturation
micibility
Answers
Salvation is an exothermic process in which a solvent interact with it solute.
What is SolvationSolvation or solution can be interpreted as a system in which solute molecules are dissolved in a solvent. Water is often called a universal solvent and includes a strong solvent . The composition of the solute and solvent in the solution is expressed as the concentration of the solution, while the process of mixing the solute and solvent to form a solution is called dissolution or solvation. Water is a strong solvent dissolves many kinds of chemical substances . The solubility of a substance in water is determined by whether or not the substance can oppose the strength of the electric attraction between water molecules. Solubility (solvation) is a function of a molecular parameter.
Ionization structure and molecular size Stereochemistry and electronic structure. Everything will affect the action of the solvent and the solute, as in the previous section, water forms hydrogen bonds with ions or with non-ionic compounds, while polar through -OH, -NH groups, or with unbonded electron pairs on an oxygen or nitrogen atom. Ions or molecules will get the sample hydrate and will separate from the chunks of solid matter and that means dissolve.
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estimate the boiling point of a 2m solution of nacl in water.
Answers
The boiling point of water is raised by 1.88K when a 2 molal solution of sodium chloride is added to water.estimate the boiling point of a 2m solution of nacl in water.
Pour 11.69 g of NaCl into a suitable beaker (100 mL beaker in this case). Increase the amount to 100 mL by adding deionized water. Add a stir bar to the beaker and leave it on a stir plate for 1 minute, or until thoroughly dissolved. If desired, sterile-filter and transfer to an adequately labeled container. When a 2 molal solution of sodium chloride is added to water, the boiling point rises by 1.88K. Fill an appropriate beaker with 11.69 g of NaCl (100 mL beaker in this case). Add deionized water to bring the total to 100 mL. Place the beaker on a stir plate and leave it for 1 minute, or until totally dissolved. If desired, sterile-filter the solution and transfer it to a properly labeled container.
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When using a Van de Graaff generator charges repel because all the charges are all
Answers
When using a Van de Graaff generator charges repel because all the charges are negatively charged.
Why does the Van de Graaff become negatively charged?The Van de Graaff become negatively charged, because the rubber belt is an insulator and a poor conductor of electricity, the positive charge does not spread evenly across the belt.
Instead, as a result of electric induction, the inside of the belt remains positively charged, while the outside of the belt becomes negatively charged.
Thus, When using a Van de Graaff generator charges repel because all the charges are negatively charged.
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(-giant-covalent simple molecular
giant-ionie lattice
giant
Complete the following sentences by writing one of the letters A, B, C, D or E.
The substance likely to be a gas is substance
The substance which could be diamond is substance .......
The substance with ionic bonding is substance
The substance which is a malleable solid is substance
Answers
Covalent bonding can be found in five different substances, including hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), water (H2O), and methane (CH4).
How many covalent compounds can you think of?Covalent bonding can be found in five different substances, including hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), water (H2O), and methane (CH4). The term "covalent bond" refers to a chemical bond when two atoms share electron pairs.A large ion structure makes up an ionic molecule. Strong electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged ions hold together ionic substances. Because so much energy is required to break the numerous strong bonds in these compounds, they have high melting points and high boiling points.Covalent bonding can be found in five different substances, including hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), water (H2O), and methane (CH4).To learn more about Covalent bonding refer to:
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Use the reaction below for the combustion of ammonia gas to
produce nitrogen monoxide and water vapor.
4NH3(g) + 302(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H₂O(g)
What volume of O2 is needed to react fully with 720. mL of
NH3?
a) 960 mL O2
b) 1.02 L O2
c) 720. mL O2
d) 540. mL O2
Answers
In the video, we use the atomic model to describe pressure as resulting from?
Answers
The atomic model which has been used to describe the pressure resulting from the force from the collision of the gas molecules with the walls of their container.
In the container, the molecules of a gas having their own kinetic energy. The molecules move from one place to another as well as in the process, they will collide with the walls of the container. The collision will results in the formation of a momentum by the particle against the wall of the container. The perpendicular force exerted by the gas molecules will be divided by the area, which will describe the pressure.
Thus, the atomic model has been also used to describe the pressure resulting from the force from the collision of gas molecules with the walls of their container.
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c) Calculate the frequency of light required to remove the valence electron(s).
Answers
The frequency of light required to remove the valence electron(s) from an atom is known as the ionization energy. The ionization energy is dependent on the atomic structure and is specific to each element.
What is calculation of frequency of light?This energy can be calculated using the equation: E = hf = hc/λ, where E is the ionization energy, h is Planck's constant, f is the frequency of the light, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength of the light.E = hf = hc/λwhere E is the ionization energy, h is Planck's constant, f is the frequency of the light, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength of the light.To calculate the frequency of light required to remove the valence electron(s) from an atom, the ionization energy of the atom must be known, and then the equation can be rearranged to solve for frequency:f = E/h = hc/λEIt is important to note that the ionization energy for each element is unique and can be found in periodic table or in the reference book.To learn more about frequency of electron refer:
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draw the major organic product formed in the reaction.conc. H+ OH
Answers
In the reaction, the major product formed is Oxygen with a positive charge on it, it is very unstable because it is an electronegative atom.
In the first stage of the reaction, protonation with the lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom takes place and an unstable structure of oxygen is obtained which carries a positive charge. The instability is due to the opposite nature of the oxygen atom.
In the next step, hydrogen is removed from the adjacent carbon along with the removal of water giving us the final product.
In chemistry, protonation aka hydronation is the addition of a proton (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming a conjugate acid. Protonation often occurs in the reaction of an acid with a base to form a salt.
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What popular fast food chain encouraged customers to think outside the bun?
Answers
The popular fast food chain encouraged customers to "think outside the bun" is taco bell.
Taco bell has long entertained fast-food fans with catchy slogans like "Yo Quiero Taco Bell," "Think Outside the Bun," and "Live mas." Their slogan "Think Outside the Bun" is a play on the phrase "think outside the box," which means to be creative and innovative. With the majority of Taco Bell's competitors serving hamburgers (McDonald's, Burger King, etc.), Taco Bell encourages you to "think outside the (hamburger) bun" and indulge in their coveted Tex-Mex cuisine.
A fast food chain is a restaurant that offers quick, convenient meals at low prices. These restaurants typically serve a limited menu of burgers, fries, chicken, pizza, and other fried foods. Fast food restaurants are typically found in high-traffic areas such as near highways, shopping malls, and tourist attractions. These restaurants frequently use a "fast-food" model, in which customers order at a counter, pay for their meal, and then pick up their food when it is ready. Many fast food restaurants also provide drive-through services, allowing customers to order and receive their food without having to leave their vehicle. Fast food restaurants frequently provide delivery services, allowing customers to have their meals brought to their homes or workplaces.
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Scientists want to investigate the effects caffeine on short term memory by randomly assigning 200 volunteers to intake 86mg of caffeine before a memory quiz and the remaining 200 volunteers to intake 86mg of a placebo before taking a memory quiz. The quiz score of each volunteer is recorded.
What is the response variable?
Answers
The response variable in this study is the memory quiz score of each volunteer.
The response variable is the outcome of the study that the scientists are interested in measuring and analyzing. In this case, it is the memory quiz score of each volunteer. The memory quiz is used as a measure of the effect of caffeine on short-term memory.
The scores of the quiz will be used to determine if there is a significant difference between the scores of the group that consumed caffeine and the group that consumed the placebo.
The response variable will be used to draw conclusions about the effect of caffeine on short-term memory and it can be quantitative in nature. The scores can be analyzed and compared to understand the relationship between caffeine intake and memory retention.
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PLEASE HELP!!! Lead (II) nitrate as Pb(NO3)2 and potassium iodide as KI combine to form the products shown.
2 KNO3 + PbI2
How many moles of each reactant are involved in the reaction?
(1 point)
Responses
2 moles of lead (II) nitrate and 2 moles of potassium iodide
2 moles of lead (II) nitrate and 2 moles of potassium iodide
1 mole of lead (II) nitrate and 1 mole of potassium iodide
1 mole of lead (II) nitrate and 1 mole of potassium iodide
1 mole of lead (II) nitrate and 2 moles of potassium iodide
1 mole of lead (II) nitrate and 2 moles of potassium iodide
2 moles of lead (II) nitrate and 1 mole of potassium iodide
Answers
The number of moles of each reactant involved in the reaction are as follows: 1 mole of lead (II) nitrate and 2 moles of potassium iodide (option C).
What is a chemical reaction?A chemical reaction is said to occur when there is a breaking or formation of interatomic bonds and involves the transformation of one or more substances into others.
This question states that lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide react to form potassium nitrate and lead iodide as follows:
Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KI → PbI₂ + 2KNO₃
It can be observed from the above equation that 1 mole of lead nitrate and 2 moles of pottasium iodide are needed on the reactant sides.
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Consider the titration of a 35.0-mi sample of 0.175 M HBr with
0.200 M KOH. Determine each quantity.
a. the initial pH
b. the volume of added base required to reach the equivalence point
c. the pH at 10.0 mL of added base
d. the pH at the equivalence point
e. the pH after adding 5.0 mL of base beyond the equivalence point
Answers
The initial pH of the solution is 1.76.
A 35.0-mi sample of 0.175 M HBr was titrated with 0.200 M KOH. Figure out each quantity.The volume of added base required to reach the equivalence point is 17.5 mL.The pH at 10.0 mL of added base is 7.94.The pH at the equivalence point is 12.75.The pH after adding 5.0 mL of base beyond the equivalence point is 13.63.The initial pH of the solution is acidic. Since HBr is a strong acid, it will completely dissociate in solution and the pH of the solution can be calculated using the concentration of hydrogen ions: pH = -log[H+] = -log(0.175 M) = 1.75.The volume of base needed to reach the equivalence point can be calculated using the stoichiometry of the reaction. The moles of HBr reacted are equal to the moles of KOH added, so the volume of KOH needed to neutralize the HBr is equal to the moles of HBr divided by the molarity of the KOH, or V = (0.175 mol/0.200 M) = 0.875 L.The pH at 10.0 mL of added base can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Assuming that the volume of the solution is not changed by the addition of the base, the pH can be calculated as pH = pKa + log([base]/[acid]) = -log(0.175 M) + log(0.2 M/0.175 M) = 1.87.To learn more about The initial pH of the solution refer to:
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click on sulfur. this element exists as rings. how many atoms is each sulfur atom bonded to?
Answers
Sulfur exists in the form of [tex]S_8[/tex] which occurs as ring structure.
The molecule that represents elemental sulfur in its most prevalent form, a cyclic or ring-like structure made up of eight sulfur atoms, has the chemical formula S8. The S8 ring, which is made up of alternating single and triple covalent connections between the sulfur atoms, is a stable and largely inert structure.
The S8 ring can adopt several conformations since it is sufficiently flexible to rotate thanks to its solitary covalent bond. The S8 ring is a moderately stable molecule that is kept together by van der Waals and covalent forces in both the solid and liquid states. It is a crucial component of numerous minerals and organic compounds found in nature and is employed in a number of commercial and agricultural processes.
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how should loose lead particles be removed from protective clothing
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By purchasing a general detergent with surfactant, loose lead particles can be taken off of protective equipment.
What is the proper way to remove loose lead particles?Lead contamination can be removed with the use of a vacuum cleaner with a High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter (HEPA). Small pieces of lead can be captured and held by a specific filter in the HEPA vacuum. To clean up the wash or rinse water, another choice is to use a wet/dry vacuum on the wet setting.Surfactant, which is absent from organic or natural detergents, is necessary for lead to be cleaned; otherwise, it won't be removed. You'll need to find a compromise in this situation and get a generic detergent that contains surfactant.By purchasing a general detergent with surfactant, loose lead particles can be taken off of protective equipment.To learn more about loose lead particles refer to:
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compare the size of ions to the size of atoms from which they form
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The negative ion is always significantly bigger than the atom it originated from. In actuality, the negative ion may be larger than the neutral atom by a factor of more than two.
Ions are defined as atoms that gain or lose electrons. When an atom receives or loses its outermost electron, its size (or radius) changes. This change is known as the ionic radius (s). A negatively charged ion known as an anion is created when an atom receives an extra electron, increasing its ionic radius. Positive ions are smaller than their parent atoms, whereas negative ions are bigger. Trend over a time period: Moving across the table from left to right causes the ionic radius to shrink. In any given period, negative ions are always bigger than positive ions.
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