Halogens : Br, F
Alkali metals : Fr, Li
Alkaline earth metals : Ca
Noble gases : Kr
1) The halogens belongs to 17 group contains the 6 elements in the periodic table : F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts.
2) The alkali metals belongs 1st group contains the 7 elements : H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr.
3) The alkaline earth metals belongs to 2nd group in the periodic table contains the 6 elements : Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra.
4) The noble gases belongs to group 18 in the periodic table contains the elements : He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, Og.
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Chemistry - Precipitation Reactions
The reactions that would lead to the formation of a precipitate are the reactions a, c and d.
What is a precipitate?We have to note that when a reaction occurs that we must be able to have a product from the reaction and the product of the reaction would depend on the kind of species that were combined in the reaction.
If the combination of the reactants that we have would lead to the formation of a product that is insoluble when we mix two products that are soluble then we call the insoluble product the precipitate.
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Byron is a goal had always been to complete
Answer: Run In.
Explanation: It is easy to go back to the first sentence to test all the possible answers then you can eliminate the most brick answer and easily find the remaining answer which makes the most sense.
P4O10 + 6H2O → 4H3PO4
What is the mole ratio of H2O to H3PO4?
a
2:1
b
1:1
c
3:2
d
4:3
If a sample of glucose (C6H12O6 molecular mass = 180.12 amu/molecule) weighs 4863 amu, how many molecules are in the sample?
Round and enter this answer to ones place. For example ... if the calculated answer was 1546.4, enter 1546
The number of molecules in a sample of glucose that weighs 4863 amu is 1.6253 × 10²¹ molecules.
How to calculate number of molecules?The number of molecules in a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles in the substance by Avogadro's number as follows:
no of molecules = no of moles × Avogadro's number
According to this question, a sample of glucose (C6H12O6 molecular mass = 180.12 amu/molecule) weighs 4863 amu. The moles of this sample of glucose can be calculated as follows:
moles = 4863amu ÷ 180.12 amu/molecule
moles = 26.99 moles
No of molecules = 26.99 × 6.02 × 10²³
No of molecules = 1.6253 × 10²¹ molecules.
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A/An _______ is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts.
A heterogenous mixture is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts.
What is heterogenous mixture?Heterogenous mixtures is defined as a type of mixture where in the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture.It consists as two or more phases. The phases are chemically distinct from each other.
As there are two or more phases present in heterogenous mixtures they can be separated by solvent extraction where in one phase is miscible with the solvent and the other phase is immiscible.
Components of a heterogenous mixtures are distinctly visible . There are two types of heterogenous mixtures, the colloids and the suspensions.These two vary with each other with respect to particle size.
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If molten lead(II) bromide is electrolyzed using graphite electrodes
red-brown fumes of bromine are seen at the cathode
solid lead forms around the anode
molten lead drips off the cathode
the anode decreases in size
If molten lead(II) bromide is electrolyzed using graphite electrodes
molten lead drips off the cathodeThe correct option is C.
What is electrolysis?The process of electrolysis, used in both chemistry and manufacturing, uses direct electric current to speed up a chemical reaction that wouldn't normally happen by itself. When elements are separated from naturally occurring sources, like ores, using an electrolytic cell, electrolysis plays a significant role commercially.
In the electrolysis of molten lead(II) bromide using graphite electrodes;
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in the reaction of calcium with 1 m hydrochloric acid, which of the following will increase the reaction rate
increasing the concentration of a reactant in solution
increasing the surface area of a solid reactant
increasing the temperature of the reaction system
The reaction rate increases by increasing the temperature of the reaction system , increasing the concentration of a reactant in solution and increasing the surface area of a solid reactant.
In the reaction of calcium with 1 M hydrochloric acid, The factor which will increase the reaction rate is by increasing the temperature of the reaction system. When the temperature of the reaction increases , the molecules kinetic energy of the molecules increases more than the activation energy and it will increases the rate of reaction.
The activation energy of the reaction decreases and therefore the rate of the reaction increases. The reaction rate increases by increasing the concentration of the reactant in the solution and increasing the surface area of the solid reactant.
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Help me to solve this chemistry practical..
The combustion of ethane (C2H6) produces carbon dioxide and steam.
2C2H6(g)+7O2(g)⟶4CO2(g)+6H2O(g)
How many moles of CO2 are produced when 5.55 mol of ethane is burned in an excess of oxygen?
Answer:
11.1 moles of CO2
Explanation:
2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g)⟶4CO2(g)+6H2O(g)
To find the number of moles of CO2 produced when 5.55 mol of ethane is burned in an excess of oxygen, use the stoichiometry of the reaction.
5.55 mol C2H6 x (4 mol CO2/2 mol C2H6) = 11.1 mol CO2
Therefore, 5.55 mol of ethane is burned in an excess of oxygen produces 11.1 moles of CO2.
aluminum bromide and potassium sulfate produce potassium bromide and aluminum sulfatebalanced word equation
How would you balance: AlBr3 + K2SO4 --> KBr + Al2(SO4)3?
2AlBr3 + K2SO4 --> 6KBr + Al2(SO4)3. The first distinction we make is that the reactant side only has one sulphate group, whereas the product side has three. The potassium sulphate group can be multiplied by three to have three on either side.
What is meant by sulphate ?
The SO24 empirical formula describes the sulphate or sulphate ion, a polyatomic anion. Industry makes extensive use of salts, acid derivatives, and sulphate peroxides. Sulfates are frequently seen in daily life. Sulfates are the salts of sulfuric acid, which is used to make several of them.The potassium bromide is then multiplied by 6 because there are now 6 potassium atoms on the reactant side and only 1 on the product side.The aluminium bromide on the right is multiplied by because there are 6 bromine atoms on the right and only 3 on the left.Finally, this leaves 2 aluminium atoms on either side of the reaction, meaning that the balancing is complete.As a result, we multiply the potassium bromide by 6, leaving us with 6 potassium atoms on the reactant side and just 1 on the product side.Now because there are 6 bromine atoms on the right instead of 3, we must multiply the aluminium bromide on the right by 6 to account for the imbalance.We have completed the balance because there are now just 2 aluminium atoms left on both the reactant and product sides.Reactants
Al = 3
Br = 3
K = 2
S = 1
O = 4
Products
Al = 2
Br = 1
K = 1
S = 3
O = 12
Remember all atoms within the brackets get multiplied by the number outwith them.
Step 1
Put a 6 before KBr
AlBr3 + K2SO4 --> 6KBr + Al2(SO4)3
Step 2
Put a 2 before AlBr3
This has now balanced the number of Aluminium and Bromine atoms.
2AlBr3 + K2SO4 --> 6KBr + Al2(SO4)3
Step 3
Put a 3 before K2SO4
This balances the Potassium, Sulphur and Oxyen
2AlBr3 + K2SO4 --> 6KBr + Al2(SO4)3
Now check the reactants and products:
Reactants
Al - 2
Br - 6
K - 6
S - 3
O - 12
Products
Al - 2
Br - 6
K - 6
S - 3
O - 12
We have now successfully balanced the equation.
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When heated, KClO3 decomposes into KCl and O2.
2KClO3⟶2KCl+3O2
If this reaction produced 32.2 g KCl, how many grams of O2 were produced?
20.8 grams of O2 were produced.
The balanced equation for the reaction of KClO3 decomposing into KCl and O2 is:
2KClO3⟶2KCl+3O2
This means that for every 2 moles of KClO3 that decompose, 2 moles of KCl and 3 moles of O2 are produced.
We know that 32.2 g of KCl was produced, and the molar mass of KCl is 74.55 g/mol. So we can calculate the number of moles of KCl produced using the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles of KCl = 32.2 g / 74.55 g/mol = 0.432 moles
Since the reaction is balanced, for every 2 moles of KClO3 that decompose, 2 moles of KCl and 3 moles of O2 are produced. As we know that 0.432 moles of KCl were produced, we can use this to find the number of moles of O2 produced:
moles of O2 = (3/2) * moles of KCl
moles of O2 = (3/2) * 0.432
moles of O2 = 0.648
To find the mass of O2 produced, we can use the molar mass of O2 (32.00 g/mol) and the number of moles of O2 that were made:
mass = moles x molar mass
mass of O2 = 0.648 moles x 32.00 g/mol = 20.8 g
So, 20.8 grams of O2 were produced.
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define the terms theory and hypothesis in a way that shows the role of each in the scientific method
A theory is a well-substantiated explanation and hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
What do you mean by scientific methods?The scientific method is a systematic process used by scientists to gather and analyze data in order to understand natural phenomena. The scientific method includes a series of steps that are followed in order to ensure that the research is conducted in a rigorous and objective manner.
The steps of the scientific method include:
Observation and Identification of a problem or question: Scientists observe the natural world and identify a problem or question that they wish to investigate.
Formulation of a hypothesis: Scientists develop a hypothesis, which is an educated guess or prediction about the relationship between variables.
Conducting experiments and collecting data: Scientists design and conduct experiments to test their hypothesis and collect data to support or refute their hypothesis.
Analysis of data: Scientists analyze the data they have collected to determine if their hypothesis is supported or refuted.
Drawing conclusions: Based on the analysis of data, scientists draw conclusions about the problem or question they were investigating.
Publishing and sharing results: Scientists publish and share their results with the scientific community for peer review and further analysis
Repeatability: Scientific results should be repeatable by other scientists, if not the results are considered weak.
A theory is a thoroughly supported explanation of a certain phenomenon in the natural world that has been developed using the scientific process and has been repeatedly verified through observation and experimentation. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. In the scientific method, a hypothesis is an educated guess or prediction about the relationship between variables, which is then tested through experimentation and observation to determine its validity. Theories often grow out of hypotheses that have been repeatedly tested and supported.
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identify which of the following functional groups appear in the molecule daumone. (note that some of the functional groups in daumone will not be listed as an answer option) daumone has been isolated and is found to extend life in worms. when caenorhabditis elegans worms find their environment crowded and inhospitable, they hibernate until food becomes available, effectively extending their life span. daumone is the compound that has been found to be responsible for this hibernation.
The functional groups appear in a molecule of daumone :
ethercarboxylic acidalcoholThe functional group is an atom or the group of atoms and the bond that is responsible for chemical reactivity of the members of the homologous series. The same functional group will behave similar. The daumone is the monocarboxylic acid.
The functional groups appear in the molecule of the daumone are the three functional groups. The first is an ether , second one is carboxylic acid and the third one is alcohol. The is isolated and found in the extend life in the worms. The daumone is the compound that is responsible for the hibernation.
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How do you think the kinetic energy of a snowboarder as he goes downhill is affected by his mass? How is kinetic energy affected by his speed? Explain your reasoning.
1) As long as the mass remains constant, the kinetic energy is constant.
2) The speed of the snowboarder does change with the kinetic energy.
What is the kinetic energy?We know that the kinetic energy has to do with the kind of energy thyat is possessed by the object because of the fact that the object is in motion. This is different from the kinetic energy that is possessed because of the fact that the object is at a height.
If the mass of the object stays the same as the snowboarder the kinetic energy of the snowboarder would not be affected and so also would the velocity of the snowboarder not be affected while coming down the hill.
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How the speed of the cart changed when it was given a quick tap in the direction it was already moving, and its speed increased from 20 cm/s to 40 cm/s.
When the cart was given a quick tap in the direction that it was already moving , the change in speed was an increase in speed.
How did the speed change?The definition of force is a push or pull applied to an item. Gravity, friction, and applied force are examples of forces. Motion can vary in direction or speed as a result of force. Acceleration describes these modifications.
The tap on the cart was an example of force being applied to the cart which then had the effect of changing the speed of the cart by increasing it from 20 cm/s to 40 cm/s.
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10 g of nitrogen is reacted with 5.0 g of hydrogen to produce ammonia according to the chemical equation shown below. Which one of the following statements is false? N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) > 2 NH3 (g) A) 2.8 grams of hydrogen are left over. B) Nitrogen is the limiting reactant C) The theoretical yield of ammonia is 6.1 g D) Hydrogen is the excess reactant
Answer: C would be false. The theoretical yield of ammonia is 12 grams, not 6.1 grams.
Explanation:
See the attached document for how the problem needs to be set up to be solved. Understand that we can immediately rule out B and D as answers because they are true as evidenced by our results using stoichiometry. C then becomes our most likely answer, and we can see it's false as our limiting reactant (nitrogen) has a theoretical yield of 12 grams. This would also mean A has to hold true.
You calculated a volume from a density and mass, and the volume is 5200 L. You know there should be 2 significant figures in this answer. It would be best to report this number in standard decimal notation, 5200 L, because the number is not very big scientific notation, 5.2 x 103 L, because it is a big number either standard decimal notation or scientific notation is fine the number written out, five thousand two hundred liters scientific notation, 5.2 x 103 L, so the significant figures are clear
A volume from a density and mass is 5.2.
The best way to notate significance?To write extremely large or extremely small numbers, use scientific notation. When a number in the range of 1 to 10 is multiplied by a power of 10, the result is represented in scientific notation. The scientific notation for 650,000,000, for instance, is 6.5 108.
The most significant number in the number is where it rounds to. If you want to round up to one significant figure, look at the first non-zero digit. If the number is rounded to two significant figures, look at the digit that comes after the first non-zero digit.
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Match the definition/question with the appropriate answer
Joules (J)
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
Work
Mechanical Energy
W=Fd
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
1.
Formula for work
2.
SI Unit for work
3.
using an applied force to make an object move
4.
the energy of an object or substance because of its motion; energy of motion
5.
Stored energy that is associated with the position of an object; energy of position
6.
the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy an object has.
7.
The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of an object remains a constant value unless there are forces acting on the object that cause a loss of energy overall.
Answer:Joules (J) = 2
W=Fd = 1
Work = 3
Kinetic Energy = 4
Conservation of Mechanical Energy = 7
Mechanical Energy = 6
Potential Energy = 5
Explanation:
i think this is right
according to most health codes, what is the minimum standard for parts per million concentration (ppm) of a chlorine based chemical when preparing a sanitizing solution for the three compartment
Minimum standard for chlorine based sanitizing solution for 3 compartment sink is 50-100 ppm, consult local health dept for specific requirements.
According to most health codes, the minimum standard for parts per million (ppm) concentration of a chlorine-based chemical when preparing a sanitizing solution for the three compartment sink is 50-100 ppm. This means that the solution should contain at least 50-100 milligrams of chlorine for every liter of water.
This concentration is sufficient to effectively kill harmful bacteria and other microorganisms that may be present on surfaces and equipment. However, it's important to note that this can vary depending on the specific health code in your area.
Therefore, it is always recommended to consult your local health department for the specific requirements in your area, they may have different standards or more stringent guidelines. It's also worth noting that the temperature and contact time of the solution also affect the sanitizing efficacy.
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Find the periodic payment R required to amortize a loan of P dollars over t yr with interest charged at the rate of r%/year compounded m times a year. (Round your answer to the nearest cent.)
P = 60,000, r = 4, t = 14, m = 6
The regular payment necessary to repay the $60,000 loan over 14 years while paying interest at a rate of 4% per year compounded 6 times a year is $803.03.
What is interest?Interest is the cost of borrowing money or the return earned from investing money. Interest is computed as a percentage of the principal, which is the amount of money borrowed or invested. When someone borrows money from a lender, the borrower must pay back the principal plus interest. When someone invests money, the investor earns interest on the money they have invested. Monthly, quarterly, yearly, or at maturity, interest payments are all possible. Interest rates can vary widely depending on the type of loan or investment, the creditworthiness of the borrower or investor, and prevailing economic conditions.
The periodic payment R required to amortize a loan of $60,000 over 14 years with interest charged at a rate of 4% per year compounded 6 times a year can be calculated using the formula below:
R = P × r/m[1 − (1 + r/m)^−mt]
R = 60,000 × 0.04/6[1 − (1 + 0.04/6)^−6*14]
R = 803.03
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a sample of a compound that contains only the elements c, h, and n is completely burned in o2 to produce 44.0 g of co2, 45.0 g of h2o, and some no2 . a possible empirical formula of the compound is select one: a. c2h5n b. ch5n c. c3h3n2 d. ch2n
A possible empirical formula of the compound is CH₅N Thus ,option B is correct.
What is an elements?Chemical substances that cannot be converted into other chemicals are referred to as elements. Chemical elements are distinguishable from one another by the number of protons in their atoms' nucleus, which is the fundamental particle that makes up a chemical element.
Substances that cannot be reduced to a simpler form are considered elements. A distinct atomic number serves as an identifying feature. In the periodic table, which emphasizes elements with related properties, the elements are arranged according to their atomic number.
Any material that cannot be converted into another is considered to be an element. Each element has a unique sort of atom, and there are around 100 such elements.
[tex]$$ C_xH_yN_z \rightarrow CH_5N[/tex]
44g 18g
Atoms of at least one or more different elements can be found in everything in the cosmos.
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think about the following examples of homeostatic regulation: in response to an increase in plasma k concentrations, the hormone aldosterone brings k levels back to normal. in response to a decrease in plasma ca2 concentrations, parathyroid hormone brings ca2 levels back to normal. which of the statements below is true? think about the following examples of homeostatic regulation: in response to an increase in plasma k concentrations, the hormone aldosterone brings k levels back to normal. in response to a decrease in plasma ca2 concentrations, parathyroid hormone brings ca2 levels back to normal. which of the statements below is true? only the first is an example of negative feedback, because the regulated variable (plasma k ) is lowered as a result. both are examples of positive feedback, because the change in the regulated variable results in an increase in secretion of the regulating hormone. the second is an example of positive feedback because the regulated variable (plasma ca2 ) increases. both are examples of negative feedback regulation.
Homeostatic regulation is the process through which internal cell systems are adjusted. Adjustments must be performed regularly to maintain a cell's internal and exterior surroundings at or near the set point since they are always changing (the normal level or range).
Bidirectional calcium fluxes that take place in the colon, bones, and kidney regulate calcium homeostatic. The latter organ is crucial in controlling the level of extracellular calcium.In a cell or the body, homeostasis is defined as stability, balance, or equilibrium. It is the capacity of an organism to maintain a consistent internal environment. Homeostasis is a crucial aspect of all living organisms. As circumstances within and outside the cell vary, modifications must be made often in order to maintain a stable internal environment. Homeostasis can be viewed as a dynamic equilibrium as opposed to a stable condition.
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Balance the given redox reaction using half reaction method. MnO4- (aq) + SO2(g) Mn+2(aq) + HSO4 (aq) (in acidic medium) +2
Here is the balanced equation for the given redox reaction:
MnO4- (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e- → Mn+2 (aq) + 4H2O (l) (oxidation)
SO2 (g) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- → HSO4- (aq) (reduction)
The half-reaction method is a method used to balance redox reactions. The method involves breaking the redox reaction into two half-reactions, one representing the oxidation and the other representing the reduction. The half-reactions are then balanced separately, and then recombined to obtain the balanced equation.
MnO4- (aq) + 8H+ (aq) + 5e- → Mn+2 (aq) + 4H2O (l)
In this half-reaction, the MnO4- is oxidized to Mn+2, which is the oxidation process. The electrons (e-) are lost by the MnO4- molecule and gained by the Mn+2 ion. The 8H+ and 4H2O are added to balance the oxygen and hydrogen atoms. It is important to note that this reaction is taking place in acidic medium and that's the reason why we used H+ in the half-reactions.
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Classify each of the following substances as an element, a compound, or a mixture. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
Element: fluorine, F and silver, Ag Compound: calcium chloride ([tex]Ca Cl_2[/tex]) and carbon monoxide (CO), beverage mixture
How do you classify a substance as an element compound or mixture?Each sort of atom in an element is unique. The joining of two or more distinct atoms results in a compound. In a mixture, two or more distinct substances are combined but not chemically bonded. Both elements and substances can be found in a combination. Air and table salt make up the combination. Nitrogen is the component, and water is the element.
Metalloids, non-metals, and other categories are used to categorize elements. Ionic and covalent compounds are two different types of compounds based on the bonds they include. There is no way for elements to be reduced by chemical processes. Using chemical processes or reactions, a substance can be broken down into simpler parts. The mixture of different gases that makes up air is all there is. Nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases make up the atmosphere's air.
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What type of reaction is KBr + Cl2 => KCl + Br2?
Answer:
displacement reaction
Explanation:
consider the compound nh4no3. calculate the percent by mass of each element in the compound. type in each answer using one decimal place. %n
The mass percentage of the nitrogen is 35 %. The mass percentage oxygen is 60%. The mass percentage hydrogen is 5%.
The mass percentage expression is given as :
The mass percentage = ( mass of element / mass of the compound)/ ×100%
The given compound is NH₄NO₃ :
The molar mass of NH₄NO₃, = 28 + 4 + 48
= 80 g/mol
Mass percentage of nitrogen = (weight of N/weight of NH₄NO₃ )×100%
= 28 / 80 × 100 %
= 35 %
Mass percentage oxygen = 48 / 80 × 100 %
= 60%
Mass percentage hydrogen = 4 / 80 × 100 %
= 5%
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Which of the following has the highest heat capacity? O a. 1g of solid lead O b. 2 g of solid lead O c. 10 g of solid lead
10g of solid lead has the highest heat capacity among the following.
Heat capacity is a measure of the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount. The heat capacity of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of the substance, meaning that the more substance you have, the more heat it can absorb before its temperature increases. This is why 10g of solid lead has the highest heat capacity, as it can absorb more heat than 2g or 1g before its temperature increases. This means that 10g of lead will take more energy to raise its temperature by 1 degree, compared to 2g or 1g of lead. Furthermore, heat capacity is also affected by the specific heat of the substance, which is a measure of how much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of a given amount of a substance by one degree.
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consider the lewis sturcutres for the follwoing molecules co2 co3-2 no2- no3- . Which molecules are best represented by multiple resonance structures?
CO2, NO2-, and NO3- are best represented by multiple resonance structures.
A Lewis structure is a visual representation of the electrons in a molecule and can be used to predict the reactivity and stability of a molecule. The Lewis structure of a molecule can be determined by following a few simple rules:
The total number of valence electrons in the molecule must equal the sum of the valence electrons of the individual atoms.Each atom should have a complete octet (8 valence electrons)CO2 has two resonance structures because it is a linear molecule with a double bond and two lone pair electrons. CO3-2 is a stable compound and doesn't have any multiple resonance structure.
NO2- and NO3- have multiple resonance structures because they have a nitrogen atom with a lone pair and a double bond with an oxygen atom, which can be represented in different ways.
In summary, CO2, NO2-, and NO3- are best represented by multiple resonance structures because they have multiple ways of representing their electron arrangement. CO3-2 is a stable compound and doesn't have any multiple resonance structure.
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determine the oxidation state of the metal atom in each of the following complex ions. Ion Oxidation state of metal atom [Sc(OH)4(H2O)2]- [Co(CN)5(NH3)]2- [V(CO)6]2+
The oxidation state of the metal atom in this complex ion can be determined by counting the number of electrons gained or lost by the metal atom.
1. [Sc(OH)4(H2O)2]- The Sc atom starts with an oxidation state of 3+ since it is in the 3rd row of the periodic table and it has 3 valence electrons.
It is coordinated to four oxygen atoms of the OH group and two water molecules, which are -2 and -1 respectively in the oxidation state. Therefore, Sc in this complex ion has an oxidation state of 3+ - 4*(-2) - 2*(-1) = 3+8-2 = +9.
2. [Co(CN)5(NH3)]2- The Co atom starts with an oxidation state of 2+ since it is in the 3rd row of the periodic table and it has 2 valence electrons.
It is coordinated to five nitrogen atoms of the CN group and one ammonia molecule, which are -3 and -3 respectively in an oxidation state. Therefore, Co in this complex ion has an oxidation state of 2+ - 5*(-3) - 1*(-3) = 2+15-3 = +14
3. [V(CO)6]2+ The V atom starts with an oxidation state of 5+ since it is in the 4th row of the periodic table and it has 5 valence electrons.
It is coordinated with six carbon monoxide molecules, which are -1 in the oxidation state. Therefore, V in this complex ion has an oxidation state of 5+ - 6*(-1) = 5-6 = -1
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1. A chemist has 2 samples of hydrates. When heated, they lose a different percentage of their original mass. Are they the same or different hydrates? Explain.
2. Cobalt chloride paper is used to test for the presence of water leaking through tiny
cracks in pipes or porcelain.
A. When moisture is present, the test paper goes from blue to pink. Which color
is the hydrated form of cobalt chloride and which color in the anhydrous form?
B. Cobalt chloride paper is carcinogenic. What does that mean? Explain why the
paper should be handled with care
Answer:
1.The two samples of hydrates are likely to be different hydrates. Hydrates are compounds that contain water molecules that are chemically bound to another compound, and each hydrate can have different properties, including their water content and their mass loss when heated. The fact that the two samples lose a different percentage of their original mass when heated suggests that they are different hydrates.
2.A. The hydrated form of cobalt chloride is pink or red, and the anhydrous form is blue. B. Carcinogenic means that a substance has the potential to cause cancer. The cobalt chloride paper should be handled with care because it can be toxic if ingested or inhaled, and it can cause skin and eye irritation.
