Josefa de Ayala, painting of the Christ Child as salvator Mundi is one of several versions that she painted near the end of her life.
Flat icon is a database of free vector icons directly to photo shop. A tool that converts icons into web fonts . In the eastern orthodox church, excommunication is the exclusion of a member from the eucharist. It is not expulsion from the churches. True faith may refer to one true faith, the religious concept that claims superiority over other beliefs. The halo is usually seen as a bright, white ring although sometimes it can have color. Excommunication, form of ecclesiastical censure by which a person is excluded from the communion of believers, the rites or sacraments of a church, and the rights of church. The word is particularly used in the catholic church, lutheran churches, and the anglican communion. Ranging from cotton to polyester, the material of your robe will determine the softness and breathability. A patriarch is a male leader. Your father might be the patriarch of your family. The shiny schism gold cards have arrived.
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Which was NOT a result of the Yalta Conference?
Russia agreed to help the US with Japan
People listened to Churchill and stood up to Stalin
Russia used the influence on Asia from fighting Japan to spread Communism
Russia was allowed to do what it wanted with Europe
Option b- People listening to Churchill and standing up to Stalin was not a result of the Yalta Conference.
Yalta conference was a meeting of the heads of government of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States, held in the Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea, during 4–11 February 1945.
The conference was aimed to discuss Europe's post-war reorganization, and the defeated Germany. The main agreements were:
The establishment of the United NationsGermany was divided into four occupation zones.The agreement on the expulsion of Germans from Poland and CzechoslovakiaThe Soviet Union's commitment to joining the war against Japan within three months of the end of the war in Europe.learn more about The Yalta conference here:
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what the german immigrant mainly did when they came to the united stayes
policy goals that were reasonable in 2011, are no longer appropriate a decade later. the u.s. will not achieve a nationwide cease-fire in syria which has become a fully
Midway through March 2011, protests demanding the resignation of President Bashar al-Assad began in southern Syria and quickly expanded throughout the nation.
In retaliation, the Assad administration launched a savage assault on protestors, which was denounced by world leaders and human rights organisations. Pro-democracy protests broke out in the southern city of Deraa in March 2011 as a result of upheavals against oppressive leaders in neighbouring nations. When the Syrian government employed lethal force to quell the unrest, widespread protests calling for the president's resignation broke out. On March 15, 2011, a significant conflict began in Syria after Bashar al-administration Assad's was violently suppressed in response to nonviolent student demonstrations.
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How did Charles I treat this who did not contribute to his war fund
Charles I treat those who did not contribute to his war fund, by destroying Parliament.
What did Charles I fight?The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of conflicts and political maneuverings between Parliamentarians (also known as "Roundheads") and Royalists led by Charles I (also known as "Cavaliers"), mostly over concerns of religious freedom and how England should be governed.
After James' death in 1625, Charles became king. Charles harbored a great mistrust of the Puritans, viewing their opinions on church leadership and international relations as motivated by political considerations while also posing a direct threat to his divinely appointed authority.
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How would you define what is a constitutional right?
Answer:
Constitutional rights are the protections and liberties guaranteed to the people by the U.S. Constitution.
Explanation:
Many of these rights are outlined in the Bill of Rights; such as the right to free speech in the First Amendment, and the right to a speedy and public trial in the Sixth Amendment.
What is one reason people of African descent were unable to build family wealth?
A. People of African descent sold their land instead of passing it down to their children .
B. Colonial laws restricted people of African descent from owning and inheriting land.
C. The children of people of African descent sold the land as soon as they inherited it .
D. People of African descent wanted to wait to see if more valuable land became available .
APEX
One reason people of African descent were unable to build family wealth is because colonial laws restricted people of African descent from owning and inheriting land.
why have black families fought for riches for so long?
Enslaved persons were regarded as valuable assets and a source of wealth up until the abolition of legal slavery in the United States. Entrepreneurs and slave owners in the South borrowed money to start new businesses, using the collateral worth of their human assets as security. The American government has a long history of helping white Americans prosper.
While blacks did increase their wealth after chattel slavery was abolished, the process was lengthy and began with almost nothing.
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Answer:Colonial laws restricted people of African descent from owning and inheriting land.
Explanation:just took it
although the use of ddt was banned in the united states in 1972, a test of the body tissue of an average united states resident today would most likely reveal the presence of dd because
The existence of DDT due to the continued use of DDT in other nations that sell food to the US.
What is meant by DDT?Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (DDT) An insecticide used in agriculture is dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). In 1972, DDT use was prohibited in the US. DDT is still used in a few non-American nations to prevent the spread of malaria-carrying mosquitoes.DDT is categorized as an endocrine disruptor, or EDC, a class of chemicals that experts find particularly concerning due to evidence that they modify and disrupt hormones crucial to optimal health, including reproductive health, as well as neurological and immunological functions.Low environmental DDT levels may have unclear consequences on human health. Vomiting, tremors or shakiness, and seizures are just a few of the human symptoms that might appear after being exposed to excessive amounts. Effects on the liver and reproduction were seen in laboratory experiments using animals. It's thought that DDT may cause cancer in people.To learn more about DDT refer to:
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true/false. woodrow wilson's new freedom plan group of answer choices proposed vigorous anti-trust action to break up corporate concentration accepted gigantic corporations as a fact of modern economic life was the reason he lost the 1912 election was vehemently opposed by louis brandeis
In addition to tariff reduction, banking controls, antitrust laws, supportive agricultural labor laws, and highway development funded by state grants-in-aid were all part of President Woodrow Wilson's unique new freedom plan.
What is Woodrow Wilson's new freedom plan?In American history, Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom political philosophy, which he articulated during his successful 1912 presidential run, promised to restore unrestricted opportunity for individual initiative and to use the power of the state in support of social justice for everyone. Tariff reform, banking reform, and trust-busting were the three main topics on which New Freedom concentrated. Wilson aimed to build a system of economic justice and equality for all Americans. He believed that in order for the economy to be really free, the inherent advantages granted to large corporations needed to be eradicated. For the former colonies of Europe's collapsing empires, he pushed for fair economic terms, a reduction in military spending, and national sovereignty.To learn more about Woodrow Wilson's new freedom plan refer to:
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What was the Sherman silver purchase act of 1890
Answer: The Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 was an act that required the government to buy 4.5 million ounces of silver every month. Because of this, the government created coins.
Explanation:
Where did the colonist seeking religious freedom settle in?
To gain the freedom of worshiping God as one chooses, as many as 20,000 Puritans moved to America from England beginning in 1630. The vast majority of them settled in New England, but some went to the West Indies as well.
In terms of theology, the Puritans were non-separating Congregationalists, unlike the Pilgrims, who arrived in Massachusetts in 1620. Even though the church of England needed reform, the Puritans considered it to be a true church.
There was religious freedom in New England, but some went as far as the West Indies. Because, It was considered that every New England Congregational church was an independent entity, unencumbered by hierarchy. In the beginning, membership was exclusively composed of people who were able to prove their conversion experience to other members.
When the Puritan experiment proved successful, Puritan leaders hoped that England would imitate it by adopting a church order similar to the New England Way (to no avail).
Puritans were English Protestants seeking to rid the Church of England of the residues of Roman Catholicism they considered unacceptable. It became increasingly difficult for English church and state leaders to sympathize with Puritan demands in the 1620s. Thus, they are seeking religious freedom.
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martin luther king, jr using only this letter as your source list five of the things dr king identified as problems that needed to be addressed
The King Center is where you can find out more about King. Prior before becoming the Martin Luther King Jr. Facility for Nonviolent Social Change, the center is intended to serve as a living resource for both looking backward and forward.
What stood out about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in these three areas?He was the inspiration behind significant events like the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the 1963 March on Washington, which helped the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act become laws, as well as the 1963 Montgomery Bus Boycott. King, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, is honored on Martin Luther King Jr. Day.
What is the primary argument made in Dr. King's letter?It contends that people have a moral duty to defy unjust laws and take direct action rather than be patiently waiting for the legal system to administer justice. When King is dubbed a "outsider," he responds, "Injustice everywhere is a threat to justice everywhere."
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what is the difference between ignorance and racism?
Answer:
Explanation:
Ignorance is when you do not understand or know something.
Racism is when you intentionally say or do something to offend someone of a different race that is racial.Ex.Racial Slurr or Name.
The seventh judge of Israel was from Gilead, east of the Jordan; he had thirty sons that rode on thirty donkey colts--a sign of royalty; his name was:
The thirty sons of the seventh judge of Israel, known as Jair, rode on thirty donkey colts, which was a symbol of royalty. He was from Gilead, east of Jordan.
Gilead, a district of old Palestine oriental of the Jordan River, is equivalent to up-to-date northwestern Jordan. The domain is confined in the northward apiece Yarmūk River and in the southwest by what was popular in experiences as the “steppes of Moab”; to the orient skilled is no positive edge.
Jair built a pedestal for Baal, and on the punishment of passing, he strained people as a political whole to prostrate themselves before it. Only seven fellows waited firm in the apostolic practice and declined to the last to deliver idol worship. Their names were Deuel, Abit Yisrael, Jekuthiel, Shalom, Ashur, Jehonadab, and Shlemiel.
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which is factors contributed most significantly to the contraction of the ottoman empire in the nineteenth century?
Nepotism and corruption. The devşirme took control of the sultans once they lost their ability to direct it by pitting it against the Turkish notables, and instead of using the government for the advantage of a sultan or his empire, it began to use it for its own purposes.
What factor(s) led to the Ottoman Empire's decline in the 19th century?External factors, most notably the rise of European power, contributed to the Ottoman Empire's decline. The Ottoman economy remained mainly landlocked as European states built their worldwide commercial empires because the Ottomans were never able to win ground against them in the Indian Ocean.
The conflicts that started in 1853 and continued for the next few decades, as well as the Empire's mounting debts, were among the factors that contributed to the Ottoman Empire's territorial loss during the course of the nineteenth century.
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Which statement best describes the epic feature used in this excerpt and its effect on the plot?
The statement which best shows the epic feature used in the excerpt and its effect is C. The long and difficult journey reflects how strong and enduring Gilgamesh is.
What happened in the tale of Gilgamesh ?The epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient Babylonian story that tells the tale of Gilgamesh, a legendary king of Uruk in Mesopotamia, and his quest for immortality.
The story begins with Gilgamesh being two-thirds god and one-third human, and his oppressive rule over the citizens of Uruk. To curb his power, the gods create a wild man named Enkidu to challenge Gilgamesh and become his equal. The two eventually become friends and embark on various adventures together, including a journey to the Cedar Forest to defeat the monster Humbaba.
Gilgamesh's strength and endurance are demonstrated through the lengthy and challenging trek.
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identify one african empire and the impact the3y had ib trade netrworks during the 1200 to 1450 time priod
The Songhai Empire was known for its wealth, which stemmed from the control of the trans-Saharan trade in gold, salt, and other goods.
Africa is the final stop on the pre-Columbian trade routes. Trans-Saharan trade routes connect Sub-Saharan Africa to the rest of the world. Ghana was the first of Western Africa's great medieval trading empires.
It was located between the Sahara and the headwaters of the Senegal and Niger rivers, in what is now southeastern Mauritius and a portion of Mali. The Mali empire was a flourishing west African state in the 13th and 14th centuries. The Malinke people founded it, and Niani served as its capital. Mali's empire
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Based of knowledge of U.S. history and documents, do you agree more with W.E.B. Du Bois or Booker T. Washington? Why?
Answer:
I agree more with W.E.B. Du Bois,
Explanation:
I agree more with W.E.B. Du Bois because he fought for racial equality and the establishment of civil rights for African Americans, whereas Booker T. Washington was more concerned with obtaining an education and advancing economically and did not stress the significance of racial equality and civil rights. Du Bois thought that education was just one means for African Americans to achieve equality and that civil rights were crucial for them. Du Bois was also a pioneer in the civil rights movement, and the fight for equality benefited much from his writings and lectures on racial justice.
How would lady liberty feel moving west in the manifest destiny
Prospects for mining and the gold rush (silver in Nevada) the chance to engage in the cattle business; to "cowboy" By railroad, it is possible to go to the West more quickly and supplies are more readily available.
What is Manifest Destiny?The doctrine of "Manifest Destiny" held that white Americans had been given a divine mandate to colonize all of North America. The notion of "Manifest Destiny" led to a number of actions intended to exterminate or eradicate the indigenous inhabitants. President James K. The term "Manifest Destiny," first used in 1845, refers to the belief that God has predestined the United States to spread democracy and capitalism throughout the entirety of North America.The widespread notion of the superiority of American culture and race was at the core of manifest destiny. Since the time of John Smith and Miles Standish, there have been several attempts to "civilize" Native Americans because they have long been seen as inferior.Learn more about Manifest destiny refer to :
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The Texas Constitution [copied from the U.S.] divided the government into 3 branches -
A. the Federal Branch, the National Branch, and the Central Branch
B. the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch, and the Judicial Branch
C. the Lawmaker Branch, the Exclusive Branch, and the Jurisdictional Branch
D. the Main Branch, the East Branch, and the West Branch
Answer:
B. The Legislative Branch, The Executive Branch, and The Judicial Branch.
Explanation:
The Texas Constitution divides state government into three separate but equal branches: the executive branch, headed by the governor; the judicial branch, which consists of the Texas Supreme Court and all state courts; and the legislative branch, led by the Texas Legislature.
Before you begin studying history, you should become familiar with some of the characteristics that make history unique compared to other areas of study. Unlike other disciplines, where the data or information that provides knowledge is available and easily observable, it is usuallyimpossible to observe the subject matter of history directly because, by definition, historical eventsoccurred in the past . Therefore, knowledge of historical events can be obtained onlydirectly through the study and appraisal of various sources, such as documents, photographs, and eyewitness testimonies.
One advantage of learning history is realizing how historical events influenced contemporary occurrences. Understanding who we are and how we got here, as well as how to avoid mistakes in the future and guide society in better ways, are all made possible by learning from the past.
What advantages do learning about and studying history provide? What does it signify for the future of our country, and how can you, a student, contribute to making our past better?You should broaden your world understanding. Studying history can teach us about the creation, operation, and development of previous societies, organizations, ideologies, governments, civilizations, and technologies. Because of the earth's lengthy history, we can clearly see where we are right now.
There are how many historical sources?Three different categories make up the sources used to write history: material, written, and oral. Evidence is gathered from all of these sources and put through a rigorous analysis to verify its validity in order to learn what happened in the past and how it happened.
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OPCON is the authority to perform certain functions of command over subordinate forces and include which of the following? (Select all that apply)
1. Assigning tasks
2. designating objectives
3. Organizing and employing commands and forces
OPCON is the expert to act those functions of command over subordinate forces including systematizing and engaging commands and forces, designating tasks, designating goals, and bestowing official course essential to attain the responsibility.
OPCON (Operating Condition) refers to the level of incitement the County has deliberately accompanied the Emergency Operations Plan. OPCON 3-way entirety is usual, while OPCON 1 method that a bigger occurrence is now in motion.
Subordinate deputy is a term secondhand in a few military forces for a grade of deputy above a non-appointed military officer but still for all practical purposes instructed, occasionally still in preparation. Such police are acted for most purposes and purposes as instructed by executives.
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1. Who is the columbain exchange named after?
The Columbian Exchange is named after Christopher Columbus,
The famous explorer who led the first European expedition to the Americas in 1492. The term "Columbian Exchange" was first coined by historian Alfred W. Crosby in his 1972 book "The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492."
The Columbian Exchange refers to the exchange of plants, animals, and ideas between the Old World (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and the New World (the Americas) that occurred after Columbus' voyage. This exchange had a profound impact on both the Old and New Worlds, leading to the spread of new crops, animals, and diseases, as well as the decimation of native populations.
Overall, the Columbian Exchange had a profound impact on the history of the world, shaping the course of human civilization and leading to the formation of the modern world as we know it today. The exchange also had a significant impact on the environment and the ecosystems, which is still visible today in the cultural and biological diversity of the Americas.
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Write a fictionalized story in which you describe the experiences and obstacles you endured as a Black Rosie including any reactions to any government mandates at the time. Use information and details from the article to craft your narrative.
I was one of the few Black women in fictionalized story to become a Rosie the Riveter during World War II. I was proud to do my part to help the war effort and serve my country, but I faced many obstacles as a Black woman.
What is fictionalized story?
Fictionalized story is a form of literature where elements of reality are blended with imaginary details and characters, ultimately creating a story that is true to life yet still has the potential to be imaginative and fantastical. It is a type of creative writing that allows authors to explore real-life issues and emotions while also having the freedom to craft a narrative that is unique and entertaining. Fictionalized stories can include elements of non-fiction, such as real places and historical events, but they are also often set in completely made up worlds with characters that are entirely fictional. By blending the real with the imagined, authors can craft stories that are both captivating and thought-provoking.
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According to this document what did frederick douglass identify as a problem with the way the united states governement emancipated the slaves
Frederick Douglass noted in 1881 that the way the US government freed the slaves was unjustified because the slaves were left without a means of subsistence after being freed by the master class.
Black people received citizenship and equal legal protection thanks to the 14th Amendment.
Abolitionist orator Frederick Douglass (1818–1895) was a former slave who rose to national prominence in the antebellum era. He dedicated his life to the emancipation of enslaved African Americans during the Civil War, and in the decades that followed, he was possibly the most significant African American leader in the country.
Douglass had been running a weekly abolitionist newspaper out of Rochester, New York for several years when he gave this lecture. The Ladies Anti-Slavery Society of Rochester requested him to deliver a speech on July 4th. Slavery-related tensions were quite high in the country at the beginning of the 1850s. The dispute over the inclusion of new slave-owning states in the Union was not settled by the Compromise of 1850. The Northern states vehemently opposed the Fugitive Slave Act, which Congress passed as part of this agreement.
According to this document, what did Frederick Douglass identify as a problem with the way the US government emancipated the slaves?
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Jude thinks she is Christopher Columbus. She often thinks she is being imprisoned against her will in the mental hospital where her relatives brought her for treatment. Jude is most likely suffering fromChoose matching definition
1 Obsessive - compulsive disorder
2 Panic attack
3 Catatonia, because catatonia is a condition in which a person's body remains in a rigid state.
4 Schizophrenia
Option (d), Jude believes she is the legendary explorer. She frequently believes that she is being held at the mental hospital where her family took her for therapy against her will. Jude is likely experiencing schizophrenia.
How would you describe a schizophrenic's personality?Delusions (false beliefs), hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there), abnormal physical activity, and disorganized thinking and speech are among the usual symptoms of schizophrenia. Hearing voices or having paranoid ideas are typical signs of schizophrenia.
Patients with schizophrenia display unusual reality views as a result of their severe mental condition. Schizophrenia can cause incapacitating delusions, severely irrational thinking and behavior, and incapacitating hallucinations that make it impossible to do daily tasks. Patients with schizophrenia require constant medical care.
Why does schizophrenia develop?Schizophrenia has no clear etiology at this time. A person may be more likely to contract the condition if a number of environmental, genetic, psychological, and physical factors are present, according to study. An upsetting or challenging life event may trigger a psychotic break in some persons because they are prone to schizophrenia.
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List some “enlightened” actions or policies made by Frederick the Great, Catherine the Great, or Joseph II, Louis XV.
Enlightened despots held that royal power emanated not from divine right but from a social contract whereby a despot was entrusted with the power to govern. This was an important thing for Enlightenment Area.
What is the meaning of Enlightenment Area?The Enlightenment is typically dated to the late 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe (with a focus on France), or, more broadly, to the Glorious Revolution of 1688 as well as the French Revolution of 1789.
Long hailed as the beginning of contemporary Western political and philosophical culture, the Enlightenment. With the introduction of democratic institutions and values as well as the development of contemporary, liberal democracies, the Enlightenment provided political modernity to the West.
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read the william tecumseh sherman quote and first paragraph ogf the chapter on page 268. list and explain the four main ways the civil war impacted the nation
As a result of the Civil War, which created the United States as an unified political entity, emancipated more than four million slaves, and provided the foundation for the nation's ascent to global power in the 20th century, a stronger and more centralized federal government was founded.
The Civil War was primarily caused by the social and economic effects of slavery. But the key factors were slavery, state vs. federal rights, economics, and Abraham Lincoln's 1860 victory.
Which economic effects did the Civil War have?The US Civil War is widely considered as the impetus for the formation of the "modern economy" because it led to industrialization, modern banking methods, taxation, and the usage of paper money. Consumer preference for utilizing gold dollars over paper money, the use of deficit spending, and the absence of an income tax all existed before the Civil War.
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in 1994 the population of a county was 363,1152. in 2000 the population of the same country was 435,820 use this information to write a growth equation for the country, where t is the number of years after 1994 I know i have to use the growth formula y=a(1+r)^tthank you
A county had 363,1152 residents in 1994. Write a growth equation for the country using the fact that the population of the same country in 2000 was 435,820, where t is the number of years following 1994 and r is -0.521.
What does population growth mean?The population's growth rate is: The population change as a percentage is shown here. Natural population growth is the increase in the population brought on by the disparity in the number of births and deaths in a particular location between two points in time. Natural growth is calculated as Births minus Deaths.
What is the growth model's mathematical formula?If a quantity begins at size P0 and grows by d every time period, the quantity after n time periods may be computed using the formula Pn=P0+dn. The common difference in this equation, or how much the population changes when n is increased by 1, is represented by the symbol d.
Your problem description gives these:
a=3,631,152
t=2000-1994= 6
y=435,820
r=unknown for you to solve
y= a[tex](1+r)^{t}[/tex]
435,820= 3,631,152[tex](1 + r)^{6}[/tex]
0.0120= [tex](1 + r)^{6}[/tex]
0.479= 1+r
0.479 - 1= r
-0.521= r
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Question 3 of 25
One central teaching of Dacism is that
A people should spread their religion to the rest of the world.
B. people should always obey and respect their parents.
C. people should strive to promote social stability.
D. people should avoid struggling against the flow of nature.
One central teaching of Daoism is that people should avoid struggling against the flow of nature.
Option D is correct.
How was Daoism disseminated?China is home to the most adherents of Daoism, which also dates back approximately 2,500 years. It then spread to the neighboring nations that have a history of being related to China. Daoism also spread to Malaysia, Singapore, and other countries through emigration.
What were Daoism main ideas?Living in harmony with the Dao, the guiding force of all reality, was one of the main tenets of Daoism. All things in the universe were created by the Dao, according to Daoist teachings. They wished that the government would not intervene in people's lives. They also held the belief that people should not interfere with one another or nature.
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Question
In your response, you will be assessed on the following.
Respond to the prompt with a historically defensible thesis or claim that establishes a line of reasoning.
Describe a broader historical context relevant to the prompt.
Support an argument in response to the prompt using specific and relevant examples of evidence.
Use historical reasoning (e.g., comparison, causation, continuity or change) to frame or structure an argument that addresses the prompt.
In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, Europeans used previously existing technologies and new technologies to engage in voyages of discovery. Develop an argument that evaluates the extent to which European overseas expansion in this period relied on previously existing technologies and new technologies.
In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, European overseas expansion was heavily reliant on both previously existing technologies and new technologies. The development and use of these technologies played a crucial role in the success of European voyages of discovery during this period.
One key example of previously existing technology that was utilized in European overseas expansion was the astrolabe. Astrolabes had been in use for centuries by Islamic and Mediterranean navigators, and were adopted by Europeans during this period. They allowed navigators to determine their latitude by measuring the altitude of the stars, and were essential in guiding ships across the open ocean.
In addition to the astrolabe, new technologies were also crucial in facilitating European expansion. The caravel, for example, was a new type of ship developed in the late fifteenth century that was smaller and more maneuverable than previous ships. It was able to navigate in shallow waters and in adverse weather conditions, making it a valuable tool for exploring new territories.
The development of the compass was another key technological advancement that supported European expansion. Prior to its invention, navigators had to rely on the position of the stars and the sun to determine direction. The compass, however, allowed them to navigate even in cloudy conditions, and was essential for long-distance voyages.
Overall, it is clear that European overseas expansion in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries relied heavily on both previously existing technologies and new technologies. The astrolabe, caravel, and compass were all crucial in allowing Europeans to navigate the open ocean, explore new territories, and establish trade routes. Without these technologies, it is unlikely that European expansion would have been as successful in this period.
