Answer:
A centralized government that can claim and exercise authority over distinctive territory.
Explanation:
Environment and Society How could individual governments across a region cooperate to minimize the economic disruption caused by events like the eruption of Eyja?
Book PDF
DownloadBook EPUB
Crisis Coordination and Communication During the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull Eruption
Deanne K. Bird,
Guðrún Jóhannesdóttir,
…
Guðrún Gísladóttir
Show authors
Chapter
Open Access
First Online: 22 June 2017
30k Accesses
5 Citations
4 Altmetric
Part of the Advances in Volcanology book series (VOLCAN)
Abstract
Eyjafjallajökull became Iceland’s most infamous volcano in 2010 when the ash cloud from its summit eruption caused unprecedented disruption to the international aviation industry and considerable challenges to local farming communities and villages. The summit eruption, which began on 14 April 2010, was preceded by a 24-day long effusive flank eruption that produced spectacular fire-fountain activity and lava flows. The 39-day long summit eruption, however, was far more explosive and resulted in medium-sized jökulhlaups to the north, small jökulhlaups and lahars to the south and considerable ash fall to the east and east-southeast of the volcano. As in other crises in Iceland, the Department of Civil Protection and Emergency Management (DCPEM) coordinated efforts and facilitated crisis communication, while collaborating with the Icelandic Meteorological Office, the Institute of Earth Sciences at the University of Iceland and the National Crisis Coordination Centre. The DCPEM’s role included providing information to the government and its various agencies and feeding information from scientists to local police officials, civil protection committees and the public. Communication with local residents took place through agencies’ websites, the national media and frequent open town hall meetings where representatives of institutions responsible for eruption monitoring, health, safety and livestock handling provided advice. These face-to-face meetings with local residents were critical as ash fall had not affected these areas for over 60 years and plans for dealing with this hazard were not established. This chapter explores these events and in doing so, provides a narrative of crisis coordination and communication in Iceland. The narrative is based on multiple sources, including an analysis of community perspectives of the emergency response and their use and views of the various forms of communication platforms. The chapter also considers the eruptions’ impacts at the local level. This exploration reveals that the trust developed through close communication between all involved prior to and during the eruption increased the effectiveness of crisis communication. The experience gained from the Eyjafjallajökull eruption is important for volcanic crisis communication at a local and international level. While the immediate evacuation plans were effective, the ash fall problems illustrated the need for necessary precautions and broadly defined preparedness strategies.
Why was it difficult for the US to stay neutral in ww1 quizlet?.
The president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, strove to maintain US neutrality but was ultimately unable to do so owing to rising German aggression.
On May 7, 1915, the Germans sunk the British ocean liner RMS Lusitania, which had over a hundred Americans on board. Because it didn't care what occurred in Europe or who was linked with whom, the United States remained neutral in the conflict. Wilson was adamantly opposed to war and felt that the primary goal should be to establish world peace rather than merely domestic peace. As World War I raged across Europe on this day in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson vowed that the United States would remain neutral in both thinking and action. At the time, a large majority of Americans supported Wilson's rigid stance of US neutrality.
On August 4, 1914, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States neutral. The decision puzzled many Americans.
Learn more about ww1 at
https://brainly.com/question/30154582
#SPJ4
Identify three advances in technology that changed american lives during the 1950s.
The transistor radio, Sputnik, the flight data recorder, the Breath-a-Lyzer, and the hovercraft are among the featured inventions.
What was living like in America in the 1950s?The American military was the strongest in the world. The country's economy was thriving, and more people than ever before could afford new vehicles, suburban homes, and other consumer goods. However, the 1950s were also a time of intense warfare. The first was the beginning of the Cold War and the significant worries it sparked. The second was the sudden rise in wealth, which drastically altered many Americans' lives but not all of them. The third was a rising sense of unease among many Americans who believed that the stuffy culture of the time too tightly bound up their lives. The suburbs were uninhibited, sociable, warm, and focused on families. There were numerous close-knit families and a variety of social gatherings for groups. At the schools, there were Little League teams, Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts, and the Parent and Teacher Association (PTA). Children had excellent neighbours and walked together to school.To learn more about 1950s American life, refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/26385530
#SPJ4
Answer:
the transistor radio, Sputnik, the flight data recorder, the Breath-a-Lyzer, and the hovercraft.
Explanation:
thats that one
How did the Dutch build up such a strong presence in Southeast Asia
Answer:
They did it by using their sea power to set up colonies, setting up the Dutch East India Company, and establishing permanent ties with locals.
Explanation:
what role did henry viii play in creating the church of england?
Henry VIII passed the Act of Succession and the Act of Supremacy, which essentially declared himself the supreme head of the Church of England.
The Church of England, also known as the Anglican Church, is the largest Christian denomination in England and the mother church of the Anglican Communion. It has been established as the state church of England by Henry VIII, with its doctrines and form of worship based on the teachings of the Church Fathers and the English Reformation.
As such, it has a great influence on the laws and customs of the nation and continues to play an important role in public life. Furthermore, its liturgical practices, as well as its organization and structures, remain deeply embedded in British culture and history.
To know more about Church, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/9046468
#SPJ4
Why did pope urban 11 encourage Christian’s to began a series of war against Muslims
At first, Britain and France gave in to hitler's demands, a policy known as _____________.
Britain and France first complied with hitter's demands, a course of action termed as appeasement.
What is appeasement?The 1930s British strategy of allowing Hitler to expand German territory unchecked was known as appeasement and was implemented in the hopes of preventing war. Neville Chamberlain, the British prime minister, is most intimately linked with it, yet it is today universally seen as a weak policy. The infamous 1938 Munich Agreement, which saw Great Britain refrain from intervening to either Italy's invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 or Germany's annexation of Austria in 1938, is an example of appeasement. In order to prevent conflict, aggressive powers' demands are given in. "The strategy of appeasing a belligerent state with the intention of averting additional hostilities"To learn more about appeasement, refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/10353040
#SPJ4
how did the united states use treaties with american indian societies?
Between various autonomous American Indian nations and the United States, treaties were written from 1774 to around 1832 in order to draw boundaries and specify the parties' behavior toward one another.
Treaties with Native American tribes serve what purpose?The responsibilities and obligations that the federal government owes to certain American Indian tribes are outlined in the treaties between the federal government and these tribes. Treaties can address topics like territorial disputes, rights to fish and hunt, and assurances of peace.
Exists a pact between the United States and Native Americans?The eight treaties included in the book Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations, which is on loan from the National Archives and Records Administration, are one example of the about 374 that were ratified between the two countries.
To know more about autonomous visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28563843
#SPJ4
What two things did each Greek city-state have in common?.
Greek city-states had a number of commonalities despite being fiercely separate. They shared the same cultural heritage, worshipped the same deities, and spoke the same language. Additionally, they would work together to combat a common enemy during times of invasion by foreign forces (like the Persian Wars).
Ancient Greece had a polis, or city-state, form of government. Each city-state was set up with an urban core and the countryside surrounding it. In a polis, the city was enclosed by protective outside walls and included public areas with temples and governmental structures. The summit of a hill, or acropolis, was frequently where the temples and political structures were erected. The well-known Parthenon in Athens is an iconic example of a monument that was the focal point of an ancient acropolis. A temple dedicated to the goddess Athena was called the Parthenon. Since the city served as the epicentre of trade, commerce, culture, and political action, the bulk of people in a polis lived there.
To know more about city-states, click here https://brainly.com/question/8935883
#SPJ4
The members of both houses whose job is to serve as laisons between the party leadership and the party membership are the whips
true
false
The Party will gather members and supporters who share its principles in order to formulate policies and strengthen communities.
What exactly does the whip in politics mean?To help organize their party's involvement in legislative proceedings, each party in Parliament employs a whip. MPs or Lords can serve as whips. One of their responsibilities is to ensure that the most party members vote and that those votes reflect the party's preferences.
How many whips serve in the House of Commons?Although Green Party whips are known as musterers, every political party with four or more MPs has at least one party whip. Parties are permitted two whips (one senior and one junior) if they have 25 to 44 members, and three if they have 45 or more.
To know more about party leadership visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/2624416
#SPJ1
Whose ideas about rights did thomas jefferson use when writing the declaration?
Answer:Jefferson adopted John Locke's theory of natural rights to provide a reason for revolution. He then went on to offer proof that revolution was necessary in 1776 to end King George's tyranny over the colonists.
Explanation:
What tensions were described that led to the assassination of archduke franz ferdinand?
Serbian nationalist belief against Austria-Hungary's rule over Bosnia were described that led to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Nationalism played a key role in World War I when Archduke Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Princip, a member of a Serbian nationalist terrorist group fighting against Austria-Hungary's rule over Bosnia. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie were assassinated by a Bosnian Serb nationalist during an official visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. The assassination caused a chain of events that led to the outbreak of World War I by early August. The Archduke visit to Sarajevo was to inspect the imperial armed forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina, annexed by Austria-Hungary in 1908. The annexation had angered Serbian nationalists, who believed the territories should be part of Serbia. A group of young nationalists planned and assassinated the royal couple.
Learn more about Archduke Franz Ferdinand:
https://brainly.com/question/2250584
#SPJ4
Which is the best example of an unreliable narrator?
A patient in the mental hospital can be the best example of an unreliable narrator.
Option B is correct.
How can a narrator be reliable or not?In contrast, an unreliable narrator is untrustworthy, as a "reliable narrator" is someone who is accurate and impartial. Because they are "a way of telling the reader to maintain a healthy distrust," Salman Rushdie even enjoys deliberately creating unreliable narrators.
What makes a person a unreliable narrator?Any narrator who intentionally or unintentionally misleads readers is considered unreliable. Due to circumstances, flaws in character, or psychological issues, many are unreliable. A narrator may either purposefully lie or mislead readers or withhold important information from them in some instances.
Learn more about unreliable narrator:
brainly.com/question/28178761
#SPJ1
I need help answering these four questions
The purple-clad man with the gold cross serves as their symbol. The nobles, including the king and lords, made up the Second Estate.
The man in red and blue holding a sword serves as their symbol. The poor old man with the other two men on his back represents the Third Estate.
Does "the other" have to be a minority group in society?
No , the others need not to have in minority group in society. Membership in a minority group is typically determined by differences in observable traits or practices, such as: race (a racial minority), religion (a religious minority), or disability are all examples of ethnicity.
What was the Third Estate's response?The Third Estate, which had the most representatives, took an oath to impose a new constitution on the king and declared itself the National Assembly.
What impact did the Third Estate have?The social contract and natural rights concepts of the Enlightenment were appealing to the third estate. When the government decided to raise taxes, the revolution started. Because the third estate lacked significant voting power, this was unfair. They disbanded the government and established a brand-new one that was dubbed the National Assembly.
Learn more about third estate:
brainly.com/question/217565
#SPJ1
In thi editorial cartoon, what i the relationhip between the United State and the Republic of Santo Domingo?
The consequence demonstrated to everyone in the globe that the United States is a force on the international stage that cannot be undervalued.
Political cartoon showing Theodore Roosevelt enforcing the Monroe Doctrine to prevent European countries from entering the Dominican Republic (Judge, 1905 march 18). "Hands Off!" the caption reads. Since the Monroe Doctrine implies precisely such a guarantee on our behalf, this in fact does not impose any new obligations onto us.
The late President Roosevelt. The first cathedral, hospital, customs house, and university in the Americas were all established in Santo Domingo after Christopher Columbus landed on the island in 1492. This colonial settlement was established in 1498, and its grid-style layout served as a template for nearly all New World town designers.
Learn more about Republic Visit: brainly.com/question/3710012
#SPJ4
Which tatement decribe a major advance of a federal ytem of government over a unitary ytem
A major advantage of a federal system of government over a unitary system is that it prevents a single national government from holding all of country's power.
A federal system of government is a type of government that divides power between a central authority and several regional authorities. In a federal system, the central government holds the ultimate authority, but it delegates certain powers to regional governments. This ensures that local needs and issues can be addressed without having to go through the central government.
It also allows for a more direct form of democracy, as citizens can elect representatives to regional governments who are more familiar with their local needs. This type of government is seen in countries such as the United States, Canada, and Germany, and has the benefit of allowing for a balance between local autonomy and national unity.
To know more about federal, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/371257
#SPJ4
All of the following means were favored by the farmers between 1870 and 1900 in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT:
A) limits on production of farm crops B) regulation of railroads' hauling rates C) cheap money and low tariff rates D) cooperative marketing societies E) new third parties
All of the following means were favored by the farmers between 1870 and 1900 in an attempt to better their condition except
limits on production of farm crops. So option A is correct.
Farming experienced a significant increase between 1860 and 1910. From 2.0 million farms in 1860 to 6.0 million in 1906, the number of farms tripled. From roughly 10 million in 1860 to 22 million in 1880 to 31 million in 1905, more people were living on farms. From $8 billion in 1860 to $30 billion in 1906, the value of farms increased dramatically. 20 states received funding for irrigation projects in desert lands through the 1902 Newlands Reclamation Act.
Under the Homestead Act of 1862, the federal government provided 160-acre (65 ha) tracts to nearly 400,000 households who settled new land for extremely low prices. Even more people bought land from the new railroads, which were striving to establish markets, at extremely low interest rates.
To know more about the farmers, click here https://brainly.com/question/18390861
#SPJ4
what was the significance of washington crushing the whiskey rebellion?
Many people saw the federal response to the Whiskey Rebellion to be a crucial test of federal authority, one that Washington's embryonic administration successfully passed.
In 1794, the Whiskey Rebellion put the stability of the newly formed United States in jeopardy, forcing President Washington to personally lead the militia westward to put an end to the insurgents. Washington's actions shown his willingness to assume leadership, and despite the fact that the United States was in debt, it was still stable thanks to him.
Following the incident, Washington informed Congress that despite his agonizing over the choice and intention to defend the constitutional right to object to unfair tax regulations, the uprising had to be put down in order for the fledgling democracy to survive.
Learn more about Washington Visit: brainly.com/question/30242442
#SPJ4
7. What policies of the British East India Company and the British Empire
in India that led to the deaths of millions of Indian people?
During the British raj, Indian people were forced to buy British goods at considerably higher costs after being forced to sell their items to the British at extremely low prices.
Indians were particularly vulnerable to starvation because of their extreme poverty and heavy taxes, which made it difficult for them to purchase food.
which led to the deaths of millions of Indian people.
British East India Company helped the British government tighten its grip on India. Indian citizens were significantly impacted by the British Raj. Extreme poverty affected a large number of Indians.
Life under the rule of the East India Company brought hardship and abuse from British traders for many Indians. Indians were made to work as slaves.
The East India Company started to have power over India's government, economy, and educational system.
To learn more about example of poverty:
https://brainly.com/question/28468793
What were the 4 main reasons Europe was pulled into war?.
The 4 main reasons Europe was pulled into war are militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism.
The main causes of World War 1 were state alliances, militarism, nationalism, imperialism, clandestine diplomacy, and internationalism. The majority of historians concur that Gavrilo Princip's killing of Austria-heir Hungary's apparent, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, in Bosnia, precipitated World War I. World War One was launched by the murder of Austria's Archduke Franz Ferdinand, but other political ideas also played a part. Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism were the main causes of armed conflict. Militarization, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism are usually cited as the four main causes of World War One. The conflict analysis typically makes use of each of these elements.
Learn more about Europe at
https://brainly.com/question/30108341
#SPJ4
HELP
Please read "Tyranny of the Majority" and answer the following questions
According to Tocqueville, why is omnipotence bad for individuals and government?
What recourse does a minority have according to Tocqueville when it suffers from an injustice at the hand of the majority?
What alternative does he suggest?
What do we learn about American democracy from the second footnote?
How significant of a concern is tyranny of the majority in the United States today? Examples?
"Tyranny of the Majority" is a concept introduced by Alexis de Tocqueville in his book "Democracy in America." According to Tocqueville, the idea of omnipotence, or the ability of the majority to wield unlimited power, is dangerous for both individuals and government because it can lead to the suppression of minority rights and freedoms.
According to Tocqueville, when a minority suffers from an injustice at the hands of the majority, it does not have many avenues for recourse. He believed that the majority often acts as a single entity and that it can be difficult for a minority to protect its rights and interests.
What is the Tyranny about?To address this issue, Tocqueville suggests an alternative form of democracy that includes the protection of minority rights and freedoms through the use of checks and balances, such as an independent judiciary and the division of powers between branches of government.
The second footnote of "Democracy in America" highlights the role of American democracy in protecting individual rights and liberties. Tocqueville notes that the American system of government, with its emphasis on the separation of powers and the protection of individual rights, provides a strong bulwark against the tyranny of the majority.
Therefore, the concern of tyranny of the majority remains significant in the United States today. For example, minority groups such as racial and ethnic minorities, the community, and women continue to face challenges in their efforts to secure equal rights and protections under the law. The recent protests and movements, including Black Lives Matter, highlight the ongoing struggle for equal rights and the importance of protecting minority rights and freedoms in a democratic society.
Learn more about Tyranny from
https://brainly.com/question/7542183
#SPJ1
how did the articles of confederation prevent the national government from becoming too powerful?
Answer: The Articles of Confederation allowed the states to print their own money, declare war, and have their own currency. The national government could not collect taxes (they had to ask). It also did not have a national court system, so when the states were fighting, they had no court to go to.
read the following passage from the code of hammurabi. based on these laws, what would most likely happen to a man who whips a person considered a free man? 198. if [a man] put out the eye of a freed man, or break the bone of a freed man, he shall pay one gold mina. 199. if [a man] put out the eye of a man's slave, or break the bone of a man's slave, he shall pay one half of its value. 200. if a man knock out the teeth of his equal, his teeth shall be knocked out, a tooth for a tooth. - A. he would pay a fine, B. his own horse would be whipped, C. he would be whipped, D. he would be forced to give the man his own horse-
He would probably also get stabbed in the leg. An ancient Mesopotamian rule of law from 1754 BC is known as the Code of Hammurabi.
What was Code of Hammurabi ?Its rules are based on the "an eye for an eye" principle, with the law changing according on how well or poorly a person is regarded in society.
A free-born man must pay one gold mina if he strikes the body of another free-born man or a man of equal rank.
One of the most well-known instances of the ancient rule of "lex talionis," or the law of retribution, a type of punitive justice frequently connected with the adage "an eye for an eye," is found in Hammurabi's Code. Return under this system.
Learn more about Code of Hammurabi here
https://brainly.com/question/10978645
#SPJ1
He would probably also receive a leg stab. The Hammurabi Code is an ancient Mesopotamian code of law that dates back to 1754 BC.
What was Hammurabi Code?Around 1755–1750 BC, the Babylonians wrote the Code of Hammurabi, a legal code. It is the longest, most well-organized, and most well-preserved legal treatise to have ever existed in the ancient Near East.
Hammurabi, the sixth monarch of Babylon's First Dynasty, is credited for writing it in the Old Babylonian dialect of Akkadian. The original text is engraved on a 2.25 m tall basalt stele.
In 1901, the stele was rediscovered in the Susa archaeological site in modern-day Iran, where it had been stolen six hundred years before. For more than a thousand years, scribes in Mesopotamia copied and studied the text itself. The Louvre Museum now houses the stele.
Learn more about Hammurabi Code, here
https://brainly.com/question/2960409
#SPJ1
The spread of new cultural ideas, such as those illustrated by the religious beliefs of Xu Guangxi and Candida Xu, most strongly encouraged some Asian governments in Eurasia in the period 1450–1750 to
Responses
Answer: 1450 was the year they died
Explanation:
Why were legal systems like the Code of Hammurabi and the Ten Commandments important for the growth and development of civilizations?
a) They assigned roles to people based on their willingness to follow laws.
b) They proved the authority of the civilization’s rulers.
c )They prevent revenge killing by requiring punishment or compensation for wrongdoing.
d) They showed how much influence religion should have on the actions of citizens.
Answer:
They prevent revenge killing by requiring punishment or compensation for wrongdoing.
Explanation:
what modern institutions first began during the neothlithic revolution
the Neolithic Revolution was the critical transition that resulted in the birth of agriculture, taking Homo sapiens from scattered groups of hunter-gatherers to farming villages and from there to technologically sophisticated societies with great temples and towers and kings and priests who directed the labor of their ...
Martin luther king jr. preached against violent tension, _____ believed strongly in nonviolent tension.
Martin Luther king Jr. preached against violent tension, so believed strongly in nonviolent tension.
It may sound strange to mention that the nonviolent resister also works to create friction. However, I have to admit that I don't fear the word "stress." Although I have steadfastly opposed violent conflict, there is a certain kind of healthy, nonviolent tension that is essential for development.
King used nonviolent protest to demand equality and human rights for African Americans, the underprivileged, and all other victims of injustice.
King intended for his speech to influence people's views in support of establishing racial equality in society. Every paragraph of his speech advances this cause by highlighting the advantages of eradicating racism.
To know more about Americans, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/2600449
#SPJ4
Under feudalism, which group was responsible for ruling different regions of a country?
• A.
peasants
O B.
knights
• C.
lords
• D.
king
Answer:
C. Lords
Explanation:
Under feudalism the lords were responsible for ruling different regions of a country
economic and philosophic manuscripts of 1844 summary
In the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Marx outlines how people in a capitalist society must work to survive.
What is a philosophic manuscripts?The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, commonly known as the Paris Manuscripts or the 1844 Manuscripts, are a collection of notes by Karl Marx that were composed between April and August 1844 and were released after his death in 1932. According to Marx, in alienated labor, people are dehumanized to the level of animals, creating simply to satisfy their bodily needs and being forced to do so. It also suggests that someone else is in charge of my life's work if I feel distant from it."It is life-begetting life," he says of the existence of species. As a way of life. The complete personality, species-personality, and freedom of a species are found in its action. The species-character of man is conscious activity. Simply said, life does not exist.To learn more about philosophic manuscripts refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/9446983
#SPJ4
which of the statements best describes the communist ideal?
The statement that best describes the communist ideal is a classless society in which everyone works for the common good. (Option A)
Communism refers to a sociopolitical, philosophical and economic ideology that emerged as a opposition to liberal democracy and capitalism, advocated for a classless system in which the means of production are owned communally and private property is nonexistent or severely curtailed. Communist ideals aim to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of at least the major means of production and the natural resources of a society. It is society devoid of classes with no difference between the rich and poor where every member works for the common good.
Note: The question is incomplete as it is missing options which are A. a classless society in which everyone works for the common good B. a classless society in which workers are motivated by financial incentives C. a society in which the working class is motivated by incentives to produce goods d. a society in which a small ruling class administers resources for the common good.
Learn more about Communism:
https://brainly.com/question/24347616
#SPJ4
