Answer:
1-a. The amount that will be in your account at the end of 6 years is $11,643.14.
1-b. The amount that will be in your account at the end of 6 years is $11,992.43.
2-a. The amount you need in your retirement account the day you retire is $590,938.17.
2-b. The amount you need in your retirement account the day you retire is $679,578.89.
Explanation:
Note: This question is not complete. The complete question is therefore provided before answering the question as follows:
1. You plan to deposit $1,800 per year for 6 years into a money market account with an annual return of 3%. You plan to make your first deposit one year from today.
a. What amount will be in your account at the end of 6 years? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
b. Assume that your deposits will begin today. What amount will be in your account after 6 years? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
2. You and your wife are making plans for retirement. You plan on living 30 years after you retire and would like to have $90,000 annually on which to live. Your first withdrawal will be made one year after you retire and you anticipate that your retirement account will earn 15% annually.
a. What amount do you need in your retirement account the day you retire? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
b. Assume that your first withdrawal will be made the day you retire. Under this assumption, what amount do you now need in your retirement account the day you retire? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
The explanation of the answers is now provided as follows:
1-a. What amount will be in your account at the end of 6 years? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Since you plan to make your first deposit one year from today, this can be calculated using the formula for calculating the Future Value (FV) of an Ordinary Annuity as follows:
FV = D * (((1 + r)^n - 1) / r) ................................. (1)
Where,
FV = Future value or the amount that will be in your account at the end of 6 years = ?
D = Annual deposit = $1,800
r = Annual return rate = 3%, or 0.03
n = number of periods = 6
Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
FV = $1,800 * (((1 + 0.03)^6 - 1) / 0.03) = $11,643.14
Therefore, the amount that will be in your account at the end of 6 years is $11,643.14.
1-b. Assume that your deposits will begin today. What amount will be in your account after 6 years? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Since it is assumed that your deposits will begin today, this can be calculated using the formula for calculating the Future Value (FV) of an Annuity Due as follows:
FV = M * (((1 + r)^n - 1) / r) * (1 + r) ................................. (2)
Where,
FV = Future value or the amount that will be in your account at the end of 6 years = ?
D = Annual deposit = $1,800
r = Annual return rate = 3%, or 0.03
n = number of years = 6
Substituting the values into equation (2), we have:
FV = $1,800 * (((1 + 0.03)^6 - 1) / 0.03) * (1 + 0.03) = $11,992.43
Therefore, the amount that will be in your account at the end of 6 years is $11,992.43.
2-a. What amount do you need in your retirement account the day you retire? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Since your first withdrawal will be made one year after you retire, this can be calculated using the formula for calculating the present value of an ordinary annuity as follows:
PV = P * ((1 - (1 / (1 + r))^n) / r) …………………………………. (3)
Where:
PV = Present value or the amount you need in your retirement account the day you retire = ?
P = Annual withdrawal = $90,000
r = Annual return rate = 15%, or 0.15
n = number of years = 30
Substituting the values into equation (3), we have:
PV = $90,000 * ((1 - (1 / (1 + 0.15))^30) / 0.15) = $590,938.17
Therefore, the amount you need in your retirement account the day you retire is $590,938.17.
2-b. Assume that your first withdrawal will be made the day you retire. Under this assumption, what amount do you now need in your retirement account the day you retire? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Since it is assumed that that your first withdrawal will be made the day you retire, this can be determined using the formula for calculating the present value of an annuity due as follows:
PV = P * ((1 - (1 / (1 + r))^n) / r) * (1 + r) …………………………………. (4)
Where:
PV = Present value or the amount you need in your retirement account the day you retire = ?
P = Annual withdrawal = $90,000
r = Annual return rate = 15%, or 0.15
n = number of years = 30
Substituting the values into equation (4), we have:
PV = $90,000 * ((1 - (1 / (1 + 0.15))^30) / 0.15) (1 + 0.15) = $679,578.89
Therefore, the amount you need in your retirement account the day you retire is $679,578.89.
Assume market interest rates have risen substantially in the 5 years since an investor purchased Treasury bonds that were offering a 3% return over their 15-year life. If the investor sells now, he or she is likely to realize a total return that is:__________
A. greater than 6%.
B. less than 6%.
C. equal to 2%.
D. equal to 6%.
Answer: B. less than 6%.
Explanation:
Market interest rates have risen since the investor purchased the treasury bonds which means that the treasury bonds will be less sought after now because they offer a lower return than can be found in the market even if risk adjusted.
The investor will therefore only be able to sell it for a lower price which means that they will receive a lower rate for it. As we cannot say for certain what this rate will be, it is best to say that it will be under 6%.
In a given year, if we sell 100 pounds of apples and 100 pounds of oranges, then the contribution to GDP from selling the oranges will be the same as the contribution to GDP from selling the apples.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year
GDP calculated using the expenditure approach = Consumption spending by households + Investment spending by businesses + Government spending + Net export
Consumption spending includes spending by households on goods and services. Consumption spending includes :
spending on durables - e.g. laptop
spending on nondurables - e.g. clothes, food
spending on services - e.g. payment of hospital bill
the purchase of a textbook by a student is an example of consumption spending on durable goods
Investment - It includes purchases of goods and services made by businesses in the production of goods and services
Government spending - It includes government consumption expenditure and gross investment.
The GDP would differ because the prices of oranges and apples are different
For example, if the price of an apple is $4 and the price of an orange is $1.
The contribution of apples to GDP =$4 x 100 = $400
The contribution of oranges to GDP =$1 x 100 = $100
A manufacturer uses machine hours to assign overhead costs to products. Budgeted information for the next year follows. Budgeted factory overhead costs $ 669,600 Budgeted machine hours 7,200 Compute the plantwide overhead rate for the next year based on machine hours.
Answer: $93 per machine hour
Explanation:
The plantwide rate shows the cost per labor hour(machine hour in this case) for overhead incurred by the entire production plant.
Plantwide overhead rate based on machine hours:
= Budgeted factory overhead costs / Budgeted machine hours
= 669,600 / 7,200
= $93 per machine hour
A corporation issues for cash $1,000,000 of 8%, 20-year bonds, interest payable annually, at a time when the market rate of interest is 10%. The straight-line method is adopted for the amortization of bond discount or premium. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The amount of the annual interest expense is computed at 8% of the bond carrying amount at the beginning of the year.
b. The amount of the annual interest expense gradually decreases over the life of the bonds.
c. The amount of unamortized discount decreases from its balance at issuance date to a zero balance at maturity.
d. The amount of unamortized premium decreases from its balance at issuance date to a zero balance at maturity.
Answer:
d.The unamortized discount decreases from its balance at issuance date to a zero balance at maturity
Explanation:
The amount of annual interest is the carrying amount at the beginning of each year multiplied by the market rate of interest of 10%(not the discount rate of 8%)
Also, a bond whose market interest rate is higher than the coupon rate would be issued at a discount(not at a premium, let alone having an unamortized premium)
If the cost of the beginning work in process inventory is $85,000, costs of goods manufactured is $960,000, direct materials cost is $344,000, direct labor cost is $224,000, and overhead cost is $329,000, calculate the ending work in process inventory.
Answer:
$22,000
Explanation:
Costs of goods manufactured = Opening Work in Process + Manufacturing Costs Incurred during the Period - Ending Work in Process
thus,
Ending Work in Process = Opening Work in Process + Manufacturing Costs Incurred during the Period - Costs of goods manufactured
therefore,
Ending Work in Process = $85,000 + ( $344,000+ $224,000+ $329,000) - $960,000
= $22,000
On March 31 a company needed to estimate its ending inventory to prepare its first quarter financial statements. The following information is available:
Beginning inventory, January 1: $5000
Net sales: $79,000
Net purchases: $77,000
The company's gross margin ratio is 20%. Using the gross profit method, the estimated ending inventory value would be:_____.
A) $18,800.
B) $82,000.
C) $15,800.
D) $63,200.
E) $15,400.
From the theoretical research on commodity economics and the market, please suggest the necessary solutions for investors to stand firm in the market? Why?
Answer:
23
Explanation:
A company purchases and uses 40000 gallons of materials for which they paid $3 a gallon. The materials price variance was $90000 favorable. What is the standard price per gallon?
Answer:
the standard price per gallon is $5.25
Explanation:
the computation of the standard price per gallon is given below;
Materials Price Variance = Actual Quantity × (Standard Price - Actual Price)
$90,000 = 40,000 × (Standard Price - $3)
$2.25 = Standard Price - $3
Standard Price = $5.25
Hence, the standard price per gallon is $5.25
The same should be considered
WHAT ARE THE NEW LINKEDIN LIMITS?
Answer:
100 invites per week.
The new invite limits have been introduced by LinkedIn according to which you can’t send more than 100 invites per week. When you have reached the limit, a notification will pop up saying you’ve reached weekly limits.
You can’t do anything about it until the new week starts and the weekly limit resets.
Can you help me
please
Answer:
united nation childrens funds
Explanation:
i hope it helpful
During 2015, Orton Company earned net income of $464,000 which included deprecia-tion expense of $78,000. In addition, the company experienced the following changes in the account balances listed below:
Increases Decreases
Accounts payable $45,000 Accounts receivable $12,000
Inventory 36,000 Accrued liabilities 24,000
Prepaid insurance 33,000
Calculate net cash flow from operating activities using indirect method:______.
Answer:
$572,000
Explanation:
Cash flow from operating activities
Net income $464,000
Adjustment for Non-Cash items :
Depreciation $78,000
Adjustment for Changes in Working Capital items :
Increase in Accounts payable $45,000
Increase in Inventory ($36,000)
Decrease in Accounts receivable $12,000
Decrease in Accrued liabilities ($24,000)
Decrease in Prepaid insurance $33,000
Net cash flow provided by operating activities $572,000
thus,
net cash flow from operating activities using indirect method is $572,000.
Goods in transit are included in a purchaser's inventory: Multiple Choice At any time during transit. When the goods are shipped FOB shipping point. When the supplier is responsible for freight charges. If the goods are shipped FOB destination. After the half-way point between the buyer and seller.
Answer:
When the purchase s responsible for paying freight charges
Explanation:
Goods in Transit can be regarded as merchandise as well as other types of inventory which has already shipped out of shipping dock of the seller, but it has not gotten to the receiving dock of the buyer.This concept is utilized in order to know maybe the buyer or the seller of that particular goods has taken the possession of that particular goods and to know the party that Is paying for transport. The Freight charge, can be regarded as as freight rate, and this is amount that is been paid to a carrier company so that transportation of goods to agreed location will be possible.
It should be noted that Goods in transit are included in a purchaser's inventory
When the purchase s responsible for paying freight charges
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2022 Ethics and Compliance Test
W PREVIOUS
X EXIT
Janine, currently enrolled in a 3-star plan,
discovers there is 5-star plan available where
she lives. She asks her agent, Josh, to enroll
her in the 5-star plan. Josh can advise Janine
of each of the following except:
Josh should tell Janine that she can only change her current plan to a 5-
star plan during the Annual Election Period.
Josh should tell Janine that she can only use the 5-Star SEP once per
calendar year.
Josh should tell Janine that she can change her current plan to a 5-star
Answer:
Janine and Josh
Josh can advise Janine of each of the following except:
Josh should tell Janine that she can only change her current plan to a 5-
star plan during the Annual Election Period.
Explanation:
The Special Election Period (SEP) for the 5-star Medicare Plan lasts one week, that is, between Nov. 30 and Dec. 8. However, there is an Annual Enrollment Period (AEP) that lasts from October 15th to December 7th. During the annual enrollment period, any plan holder can change her Medicare plan, depending on its availability in her area.
A rich singer has donated $450,846 to endow a university professorial chair in Bohemian Studies. If the money is invested at 12.65%, how much can be withdrawn each year, ad infinitum (indefinitely), to pay the Professor of B.S.
Answer:
Annual withdrawal= $57,032.02
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Initial investment (PV)= $450,846
Interest rate (i)= 12.65%
To calculate the annual withdrawal, we need to use the following formula:
PV= Cf / i
Cf= annual cash flow
450,846= Cf / 0.1265
450,846*0.1265 = Cf
Cf= $57,032.02
Help ASAP Please! Accounting class! Lorge Corporation has collected the following information after its first year of sales. Sales were $1,575,000 on 105,000 units; selling expenses $250,000 (40% variable and 60% fixed); direct materials $606,100; direct labor $250,000; administrative expenses $270,000 (20% variable and 80% fixed); and manufacturing overhead $357,000 (70% variable and 30% fixed). Top management has asked you to do a CVP analysis so that it can make plans for the coming year. It has projected that unit sales will increase by 10% next year.
(See screenshots)
Answer:
Lorge Corporation
Contribution margin for the current year
= $315,000 ($3 per unit)
Contribution margin for the proposed year = $346,500
Fixed costs for the current year = $473,100
Break-even units = 157,700 units
Break-even sales dollars = $2,365,500
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Sales revenue = $1,575,000
Sales units = 105,000 units
Sales price per unit = $15 ($1,575,000/105,000)
Total Variable Fixed
Selling expenses = $250,000 $100,000 (40%) $150,000 (60%)
Direct materials $606,100 606,100
Direct labor $250,000 250,000
Administrative expenses $270,000 54,000 (20%) 216,000 (80%)
Manufacturing overhead $357,000 249,900 (70%) 107,100 (30%)
Total costs $1,733,100 $1,260,000 $473,100
Contribution margin for the current year = $315,000 ($1,575,000 - $1,260,000)
= $3 per unit
Unit sales = 115,500 (105,000 * 1.1)
Sales revenue = $1,732,500
Variable costs 1,386,000 ($15 - $3)
Contribution margin for the proposed year = $346,500 ($3 * 115,500)
Fixed costs for the current year = $473,100
Break-even units = $473,100/$3 = 157,700 units
Break-even sales dollars = $473,100/0.2 = $2,365,500
Which part of a persuasive message is NOT part of the actual message but rather a lasting thought
long after the speech is finished?
Thesis statement
O Introduction
O Residual message
O Attention statement
Answer:
Residual message is answer
Aber Inc. plans to develop a shopping center. In the first quarter, they spent the following amounts: Acquisition of land $15000 Surveys and legal fees 600 Land clearing 200 Fencing 1000 Install lighting and signage 860 What amount should be recorded as the cost of land in the books of the corporation
Answer: $15,800
Explanation:
When it comes to fixed assets like land, all costs that were necessary to acquire the land and to get it ready for use are capitalized - included in the cost of the fixed assets.
Cost of land = Acquisition cost + Surveys and legal fees + Land clearing to get it ready for use
= 15,000 + 600 + 200
= $15,800
The financial reporting for private not-for-profit entities primarily focuses on: Multiple Choice basic information for the organization as a whole. standardization of the fund information that is reported. inherent differences of various not-for-profit entities that impact reporting presentations. distinctions between current fund and noncurrent fund presentations.
Answer: basic information for the organization as a whole.
Explanation:
Private Not-for-profit organization as the term implies, are not operating to make a profit therefore their financial statements will generally not include measures that are aimed at showing profit like profit making organizations.
They will instead focus on talking about the entire organization as whole and what it has done so far in the current period. This is what is required of them by U.S. GAAP.
According to the growth accounting studies, if you lived in a country where illiteracy was high and 40% of the children left school early and did not complete their education what would probably be the results for that country
Answer: b. There would be both a human and economic loss.
Explanation:
Education is usually necessary for economic growth as educated human beings are better able to engage in higher income businesses and services and come up with or be able to use better technology that would serve to improve the economy of a country.
This is why developed countries have such high literacy rates and developing countries lag behind. Research has shown that most developed countries really saw growth only after they pursed a national policy aimed at improving literacy.
Sybil, age 40, is single and supports her dependent parents who live with her, as well as her grandfather who is in a nursing home. She has AGI of $80,000 and itemized deductions of $8,000. What is the taxable income?
Answer:
$61,650
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the taxable income
Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) $80,000
Deduct Standard deduction (head of household) ($18,350)
Taxable Income $61,650
($80,000-$18,350)
Therefore the vthe taxable income is $61,650
A company must decide between scrapping or reworking units that do not pass inspection. The company has 13,000 defective units that cost $5.50 per unit to manufacture. The units can be sold as is for $3.10 each, or they can be reworked for $4.70 each and then sold for the full price of $8.60 each. If the units are sold as is, the company will be able to build 13,000 replacement units at a cost of $5.50 each, and sell them at the full price of $8.60 each. What is the incremental income from selling the units as scrap and reworking and selling the units
Answer:
Selling as is ⇒ $40,300Reworking and then selling ⇒ $50,700Explanation:
Incremental income from selling the scrap as is:
= 13,000 units * 3.10
= $40,300
Incremental cost from reworking and then selling:
= Sale of reworked units - Cost of reworking units
= (8.60 * 13,000) - (4.70 * 13,000)
= 111,800 - 61,100
= $50,700
At December 31, Amy Jo's Appliances had account balances in Accounts Receivable of $308,000 and in Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts of $910 (credit) before any adjustments. An analysis of Amy Jo's December 31 accounts receivable suggests that the allowance for uncollectible accounts should be 4% of accounts receivable. Bad debt expense for the year should be: Multiple Choice $13,230. $12,320. $11,410. $11,911.
The information necessary to conduct a bottom-up estimate of project time and cost starts with the ___________. Multiple Choice work package level 5 elements of the PBS milestones level 4 elements of the WBS planning horizon
The information necessary to conduct a bottom-up estimate of project time and cost starts with the work package.
Bottom-up estimate builds detailed cost and time estimates from the lowest level of detail for the work package. This process improves the project's ability to be achieved within the estimated amounts of money and time.
The work package encompasses the required steps to complete the building blocks of the work breakdown structure and so actualize the project objectives.
In project management, the work requirements are broken down into work packages. Such breakdown enables various teams to simultaneously or sequentially work on the different project components.
Thus, information required for conducting a bottom-up estimate of project time and costs starts with the work package and not level 5 PBS elements or level 4 WBS elements.
Learn more about the importance of work packages in project management here: https://brainly.com/question/19866249
Your firm has $45.0 million invested in accounts receivable, which is 90 days of net revenues. If this value could be reduced to 50 days, what annual increase in income would your firm realize if the increase in cash could be invested at 7.5 percent
Solution :
Number of days = 90 days
Amount invested = $45 million
So the current earnings is [tex]$\$45 \text{ million } \times 1.075 \text{ in}\ \ 90 \text{ days}$[/tex]
The number of days is reduced to 50 days. So we can now make the same amount in just 50 days.
So the net increase is what we will make in the remaining [tex]40[/tex] days.
If in 50 days, we earn 0.075 return, then we can consider 50 days as [tex]t=1.[/tex]
Then the [tex]50[/tex] days = [tex]45 \times 0.075^1[/tex] return, and
[tex]40[/tex] days = [tex]45 \times (0.075)^{40/50}[/tex]
[tex]=45 \times (0.075)^{4/5}[/tex]
= [tex]\$ 5.66580371[/tex] million increase
= $ 5.7 million
Hill Company uses the periodic inventory system. It records a transaction that increases the balances in its purchases and accounts payable accounts. Which of the following is true about Hill Company?
a. When the related merchandise is sold, the purchases account will be decreased by the related cost of goods sold.
b. The manner in which this transaction was recorded indicates that Hill returned $6,000 of merchandise to a supplier.
c. The balance in the account will appear on the balance sheet at year end.
d. The manner in which this transaction was recorded indicates that Hill purchased inventory on account.
Answer:
Hill Company
The true statement about Hill Company is:
d. The manner in which this transaction was recorded indicates that Hill purchased inventory on account.
Explanation:
Purchases made on account (or credit terms) are debited to the Purchases account (periodic inventory system) and credited to the Accounts Payable account. This increases the amount of purchases and the accounts payable account respectively by the same amount. If Hill Company uses the perpetual inventory system, the debit goes to the Inventory account and the corresponding credit to the Accounts Payable account.
What promotional strategy is being employed when Blue Cross/Blue Shield (a health insurance company) runs advertisements targeting Boeing Co. employees, in hopes that they will persuade their bosses to consider adopting a Blue Cross/Blue Shield insurance plan for their company
Answer:
Pull Strategy
Explanation:
Distribution Strategies
This simply covers the most favorable way to deliver product or service to target market/audience.
Types of distribution strategies
They includes :
1. Push Strategy:
2. Pull Strategy:
3. Combination of both: that is the use of both push and pull strategies.
Pull Strategy
In this type of strategy, marketing in this aspect is solely directed on the end consumer, who thereafter demands it from the retailer, who also then demands it from the wholesaler and lastly then the manufacturer. It is simply pulling of products through the channel. This strategy is used when consumers gather information and decide about their purchases before entering the retail outlet. Company moves their products through the distribution channel by building consumer demand for the products and thereafter influence/convince retailers to stock these products.
Types of marketing communications used in Pull strategy selling. They includes:
1. Advertising,
2. Consumer sales promotions,
3. Public relation.
When a company uses advertising to increase demand for their product or services, the pull promotional strategy is used. Blue Cross/ Blue shield uses the pull promotion strategy.
What is a strategy?
A strategy refers to the method or plan used to achieve the organization's goals.
A Pull marketing strategy is a type of strategy employed by an organization to create the demand for a product by various means like Sales promotion and discount, Advertising, Email marketing, Social media networks, etc.
Different marketing activities are involved to pull customers to their products.
Therefore, Blue cross employed the pull promotional strategy to target Boeing co. employees.
Learn more about Strategy here:
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Various financial data for the past two years follow. LAST YEAR THIS YEAR Output: Sales $ 200,200 $ 202,000 Input: Labor 30,005 40,005 Raw materials 34,500 44,500 Energy 5,000 6,100 Capital 48,990 48,990 Other 2,000 3,005 a. Calculate the total productivity measure for this company for both years.
Answer:
The total productivity measures for this company for both years are:
LAST YEAR THIS YEAR
Total productivity 1.66 1.42
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
LAST YEAR THIS YEAR
Output: Sales $ 200,200 $ 202,000
Input: Labor 30,005 40,005
Raw materials 34,500 44,500
Energy 5,000 6,100
Capital 48,990 48,990
Other 2,000 3,000
Total input 120,495 142,595
Total productivity = Output/Input
= $ 200,200/120,495 $ 202,000/142,595
= 1.66 1.42
The following production data were taken from the records of the Finishing Department for June: Inventory in process, June 1 (35% completed) 5,000 units Completed units during June 64,500 units Ending inventory (63% complete) 4,400 units What is the number of material equivalent units of production in the June 30, Finishing Department inventory, assuming that the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories and materials were added at the beginning of the process?
a. 4,400 units
b. 59,500 units
c. 68,900 units
d. 63,900 units
Answer:
d. 63,900 units
Explanation:
Particulars Unit
Beginning inventory -
Units started and completed 59,500 [64,500 - 5,000]
Closing WIP for materials 4,400
Equivalent units for materials 63,900
So, the number of material equivalent units of production in the June 30, Finishing Department inventory is 63,900 units
Heath loves candy bars and gummy bears. After using his entire $30 budget at the local supermarket he finds that the marginal utility from the last candy bar he consumed was 30 and the last bag of gummy bears was 60. Assuming he has maximized his utility, what could be true about the prices of gummy bears and candy bars?
Answer:
Bag of gummy bears must cost twice as that of candy bar.
Explanation:
The cost of candy bar should be less than gummy bear because marginal utility of candy bar is lower than gummy bear. The candy bar will be consumed more therefore its price should be lower. When the price of good will be lower, it will be consumed more.
Company XYZ is working on a marketing strategy for a new oral hygiene product and just discovered that XYZ's biggest competitor is launching a very similar product a month later. In conducting a SWOT analysis, the launch of the competitor's product represents an opportunity.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
XYZ Company
In conducting a SWOT analysis, the launch of the competitor's product represents an opportunity.
b. False
Explanation:
The launch of the competitor's product represents a threat to XYZ Company. It reduces XYZ Company's market competitiveness and profitability. XYZ Company may even be driven out of the market by the competitor, thus leading to massive loss for the company. However, threats must be overcome and turned into opportunities for future product development.
