1: Given that Ka for HCOOH is 1.8×10^-4 at 25°C what is the value of b for COOH− at 25 °C?
Kb=
2: Given that b for (CH3)2 NH is 5.4×10^-4 at 25°C, what is the value of Ka for (CH3)2NH+2 at 25 °C?
Ka=

Answer:

Many chemical reactions are reversible; that is, the products of the reaction can combine to re-form the reactants. An example of a reversible reaction is that of hydrogen with iodine to form hydrogen iodide:

H2(g) + I2(g) 2 HI(g)

We can study this reversible reaction by placing hydrogen and iodine in a reaction vessel and then measuring the concentrations of H2, I2, and HI at various times after the reactants are mixed. Figure 13.8 is a plot of the concentrations of reactants and products of this reaction versus time. The concentration of hydrogen iodide increases very rapidly at first, then more slowly, and finally, after the time indicated by the vertical line marked "Equilibrium," remains constant. Similarly, the concentrations of hydrogen and iodine are large at the start of the reaction but decrease, rapidly at first, and then more slowly. Finally, they, too, become constant.

If this reaction were not reversible, the concentrations of hydrogen and iodine would have continued to decrease and the concentration of hydrogen iodide to increase. This process does not happen. Instead, as soon as any molecules of hydrogen iodide are formed, some decompose into hydrogen and iodine. Two reactions are taking place simultaneously: the formation of hydrogen iodide and its decomposition. When the concentrations of all these components become constant (at the equilibrium point in Figure 13.8), the rate of the forward reaction (H2 + I2 2 HI) must be equal to the rate of the reverse reaction (2 HI H2 + I2). A state of dynamic chemical equilibrium has then been reached, one in which two opposing reactions are proceeding at equal rates, with no net changes in concentration.

PICTURE 13.8

FIGURE 13.8 Concentration changes during the reversible reaction

H2(g) + I2(g) 2 HI as it proceeds toward equilibrium.

We have encountered this criterion for equilibrium before. In the equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor, the rate of vaporization is equal to the rate of condensation. In the equilibrium of a saturated solution with undissolved solute, the rate of dissolution is equal to the rate of precipitation. In the equilibrium of a weak acid with its ions, the rate of dissociation is equal to the rate of recombination. Note that none of these reactions is static: Two opposing changes are occurring at equal rates.

B. The Characteristics of Chemical Equilibrium

1. Equal rates

At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.

2. Constant concentrations

At equilibrium, the concentrations of the substances participating in the equilibrium are constant. Although individual reactant molecules may be reacting to form product molecules and individual product molecules may be reacting to re-form the reactants, the concentrations of the reactants and the products remain constant.

3. No free energy change

At equilibrium, the free energy change is zero. Neither the forward nor the reverse reaction is spontaneous and neither is favored. Consider the ice-water change. Above 0°C, ice melts spontaneously to form liquid water; G for this change is negative. Below 0°C, the change from ice to water is not spontaneous; G is positive. At 0°C, the two states are in equilibrium. The rate of melting is equal to the rate of freezing: the amount of ice and water and the amount of liquid water present remain constant, and the free energy change is zero as long as no energy is added to or subtracted from the mixture.

C. The Equilibrium Constant

In Chapter 12, we introduced the mathematical relationship between the concentrations of the components of an equilibrium, known as the equilibrium constant, Keq. We said that, for the general equation of a reversible reaction

Explanation:

sorry(: hope to help

Answer:

Explanation:

The material that is not a mixture; it has the same properties all the way through is called a substance. Thus the material that is not a mixture; it has the same properties all the way through is called a substance.

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The theoretical yield of acetate is 2607 g. The actual yield of acetate is 1066.8 g. The percentage yield of acetate is 41%.

If 1 mole of vinegar contains 6.02  x 10^23 particles

x moles of vinegar contains 9.02 x 10^24 particles

x = 1 mole x 9.02 x 10^24 /6.02 x 10^23

x = 15 moles of vinegar

The reaction is as follows;

2HC2H3O2 + CaCO3 -----> Ca(C2H3O2)2 + H2O + CO2

Since 2 moles of vinegar reacts with 1 mole of carbonate

x moles of vinegar reacts with 16.5 moles of carbonate

x =  2 moles x 16.5 moles/ 1 mole

x = 33 moles of vinegar

We can see that the vinegar is the reactant in excess hence the carbonate is the limiting reactant.

Theoretical yield = 16.5 moles x 158 g/mol = 2607 g

Actual yield = 6.35 moles  x 158 g/mol = 1066.8 g

Percent yield = 1066.8 g/2607 g × 100/1

= 41%

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Answer:

i can't understand the question

The heat of fusion of the given sample of the ethyl alcohol is 104.16 J/g.

The given parameters:

The heat of fusion of the given sample of the ethyl alcohol converted from solid to liquid phase is calculated as follows;

[tex]H_f = \frac{Q}{m} \\\\H_f = \frac{3.833 \times 10^3\ J}{36.8 \ g} \\\\H_f = 104.16 \ J/g[/tex]

Thus, the heat of fusion of the given sample of the ethyl alcohol is 104.16 J/g.

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Answer:

d. 83 °c

Explanation:

Answer:

D. 83 c

Explanation:

took the test

#let's study

Prior to writing the chemical formula of magnesium chloride, a question which any student will need to ask is: A.  What are the oxidation numbers of each atom?

A chemical formula can be defined as a scientific notation that is used to show (represent) the type and total number of atoms that constitute a particular chemical molecule or compound, by using the oxidation number, chemical symbols and subscripts.

Hence, a student would need to know the oxidation numbers of each atom when magnesium chloride is formed after a chemical reaction.

In Chemistry, an oxidation number represents the number of electrons gained or lost by an atom of a chemical element during a chemical reaction.

In conclusion, when magnesium chloride is formed, a question which the student will need to ask prior to writing the chemical formula is "what are the oxidation numbers of each atom?"

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Answer:

Things like the age of the organism, the organism's diet, style of movement (walking or swimming) do not affect how it fossilizes. Answer 2: Fossilization happens when small chunks of rock (such as sand) enter the spaces in a body or plant that would have hosted resin, air, or soft tissue, preserving the body or plant

Answer:

1. A/Thermal Energy

2. B/The particles within the system will have greater motion, and the temperature will increase.

3. C/Attractions occur due to electrostatic forces. When particles move fast enough, these forces can no longer keep particles together.

4. D/ For a phase change from solid to liquid, the bonds do not break completely and particles can still slide past each other.

5. D/ a sample of liquid benzene at 80ºC and a sample of gaseous benzene at 80ºC

Explanation:

I took the Test.

1. Internal energy associated with systems and particles is thermal energy. Thus, option A is correct.

The internal energy has been described as the energy that has been assessed by the molecules and bonds at the STP. Thermal energy has been the energy of particular molecules and the system comprising all the molecules have the summation of the thermal energy.

Thus, internal energy associated with systems and particles is thermal energy. Thus, option A is correct.

2. The addition of energy results in greater motion with an increase in temperature has been representation no phase change. Thus, option B is correct.

The addition of energy to the substance results in the increased motion of the particles. The energy higher than the threshold energy has been responsible for the phase change of the substance.

The addition of energy results in greater motion with an increase in temperature has been representation no phase change. Thus, option B is correct.

3. The movement of the particles under the gravitational attraction is not enough to hold the particles together at a longer distance. Thus, option B is correct.

The attraction has been the force that has been responsible for holding the particles in a molecule. Different attractions have a different levels of stability and strength.

The movement of the particles under the gravitational attraction is not enough to hold the particles together at a longer distance. Thus, option B is correct.

4. The phase change of the molecules has been mediated by overcoming the force of attraction that allows the molecules to move freely. The solid to liquid phase change has been mediated with the breaking of the attraction between the bonds allowing free movement.

Thus, statement 4 is incorrect, and option D is correct.

5. The kinetic energy has been the energy possessed by the moving molecules in the medium. The molecules in liquid and gas have been possessing the same energy at the same temperature, Thus, option D is correct.

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Answer:

A: Calcium is a group 2 element with two valence electrons. Therefore, it is very reactive and gives up electrons in chemical reactions. It is likely to react with an element with six valence electrons that “wants” to gain two electrons. This would be an element in group 6, such as oxygen.

Answer:

this the partial removal of a substance from a solution or mixture by dissolving it in another immiscible solvent in which it is more soluble.

Answer:

No they are not

Explanation:

I believe that if you under go 1 process then you only get half of the first organism but if you undergo 2 processes then you only get 1/4 of the first organism, but imight be mistaken so sorry if it is wrong.

As electron delocalization stabilizes the compound it is necessary that it takes place for compound to exist , hence the given statement is false.

Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.

Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:

1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.

2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.

3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds

4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.

They have a unique chemical structure held together by chemical bonds .Compounds have different properties as those of elements because when a compound is formed the properties of the substance are totally altered.

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The energy taken in to break the bond is greater than the energy released after the bond is made therefore the reaction is endothermic.

A plot of energy against time is called a reaction profile. The hump in the plot is known as the activation energy of the reaction. It stands as the energy barrier between reactants and products.

Looking at the reaction profile as shown, we can see that more energy is taken in to break the bonds than energy that is given out after making the bonds hence the reaction is endothermic.

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Answer:

the answer is c

Explanation:

usa test prep says so!

The value of the work done in joule is 405.3 J.

We know that the work done is obtained using the relation;

w = PΔV

Where;

w = work done

P = pressure

V = volume

Now, substituting values,

w = 0.800( 15.0 -  10.0)

w = 4 atm L

Since;

1 L atm = 101.325 J

4 atm L  = 4 atm L × 101.325 J/1 L atm

= 405.3 J

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Answer:

chlorine

Explanation:

Answer:chlorine reacts with hydrogen peroxide

Explanation:

1Touch and hold a clip to pin it. Unpinned clips will be deleted after 1 hour.

Answer:

Explanation:

Hydrodistillation is a traditional method for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants. In this method, plant materials are packed in a still compartment then water is added in sufficient amount and brought to a boil. ... The vapor mixture of water and oil is condensed by indirect cooling with water.

The freezing point of the solution is - 0.12 oC.

We know that;

ΔT = K m i

ΔT = Freezing point depression

K = Freezing constant

m = molality

i = Van't Hoff factor

Number of moles of sucrose= 2.23g/342 g/mol = 0.0065 moles

Mass of solvent in Kg = 0.1 Kg

Molality of the solution = 0.0065 moles/ 0.1 Kg = 0.065 m

Now;

ΔT = 1.86 oC/m × 0.065 m × 1

ΔT = 0.12 oC

Freezing point of pure water = 0 oC

Freezing point of solution =  0 oC -  0.12 oC = - 0.12 oC

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Answer:

Explanation:

The actual boiling point is probably between 34C and 40C.

Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles of the substances. Therefore, the correct option is option D that is the actual boiling point is probably between 34°C and 40°C.

Temperature is used to measure degree or intensity of heat of a particular substance. Temperature is measured by an instrument called thermometer.

Temperature can be measured in degree Celsius °c, Kelvin k or in Fahrenheit. Temperature is a physical quantity. Heat always flow from higher temperature source to lower temperature source.

We can convert these units of temperature into one another. The relationship between degree Celsius and Fahrenheit can be expressed as:

°C={5(°F-32)}÷9

The actual boiling point is probably between 34°C and 40°C.

Therefore, the correct option is option D.

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Answer:

c

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AMOUNG US AND THE ANSWER IS C

Explanation:

Answer:

its c

Explanation:

Answer:

Meiosis produces haploid cells (gametes), which contain single chromosomes, or on-half the number of chromosomes in diploid cells. When a sperm and an egg join, the single chromosomes pair up, which results in genetic diversity in the offspring

When the pressure of the equilibrium mixture of SO2, O2, and SO3 is doubled at constant temperature, the Kp is also doubled.

The equation of the reaction is given by; 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3. The Kp of the reaction is obtained from;

Kp = pSO3^2/pSO2^2 . pO2

Since the Kp depends on the individual partial pressures of each of SO2, O2, and SO3 at equilibrium, if the pressure of the equilibrium mixture is doubled, the Kp is also doubled.

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Answer:

from the words below underline six example of rhetorical patterns

Answer:

helium

Explanation:

Answer:

the answer is D) 23 carbon atoms, 34 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms

Explanation:

i took the test and got a 100%

Answer:

Explanation:

we will do ratio method

Aluminum chloride :  Aluminum

2                               :      2

0.48                          :      x

(cross multiply)

0.48 x 2 / 2 = 0.48 moles of aluminum  

mass = 1 mole of aluminum chloride x moles

mass = 133.33 x 0.48

mass = 63.9984g (round off) = 64g

I hope this helps.